Reino: API Abuse

Un API es un contrato entre un autor de llamada y un receptor de llamada. Las formas de abuso de API más comunes los produce el autor de llamada cuando no consigue atender su fin de este contrato. Por ejemplo, si un programa no consigue llamar chdir() después de llamar chroot(), se viola el contrato que especifica cómo cambiar el directorio de origen activo de una forma segura. Otro buen ejemplo de un abuso de manual es esperar que el receptor devuelva una información de DNS de confianza al autor de llamada. En este caso, el autor de llamada abusa el API del receptor haciendo determinadas suposiciones sobre su comportamiento (que el valor de retorno se puede usar con fines de autenticación). También se puede violar el contrato entre el autor de llamada y el receptor desde el otro lado. Por ejemplo, si un codificador envía SecureRandom y devuelve un valor no aleatorio, se viola el contrato.

Kubernetes Misconfiguration: Weak etcd SSL Certificate

Abstract
Una instancia de etcd acepta conexiones TLS de clientes que utilizan certificados autofirmados.
Explanation
Kubernetes mantiene datos confidenciales en un clúster etcd. Por lo tanto, cada instancia de etcd solo debe aceptar conexiones de clientes autenticados y autorizados y rechazar cualquier cliente que use un certificado autofirmado para conexiones TLS.

Ejemplo 1: La siguiente configuración inicia una instancia etcd y establece la marca --auto-tls en true. Como resultado, la instancia etcd usa certificados autofirmados para las conexiones TLS con los clientes.

...
spec:
  containers:
  - command:
...
    - etcd
    ...
    - --auto-tls=true
    ...
References
[1] Operating etcd clusters for Kubernetes The Kubernetes Authors
[2] etcd configuration etcd Authors
[3] Standards Mapping - CIS Azure Kubernetes Service Benchmark 2
[4] Standards Mapping - CIS Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service Benchmark 5
[5] Standards Mapping - CIS Amazon Web Services Foundations Benchmark 1
[6] Standards Mapping - CIS Google Kubernetes Engine Benchmark confidentiality
[7] Standards Mapping - CIS Kubernetes Benchmark complete
[8] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 296
[9] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [13] CWE ID 287, [25] CWE ID 295
[10] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [14] CWE ID 287
[11] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [14] CWE ID 287
[12] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [14] CWE ID 287
[13] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000185, CCI-001941, CCI-001942
[14] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[15] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[16] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-17 Public Key Infrastructure Certificates (P1)
[17] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-17 Public Key Infrastructure Certificates
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A02 Cryptographic Failures
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 2.7.1 Out of Band Verifier Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 2.7.2 Out of Band Verifier Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 2.7.3 Out of Band Verifier Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 2.8.4 Single or Multi Factor One Time Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 2.8.5 Single or Multi Factor One Time Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.7.1 Defenses Against Session Management Exploits (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 9.2.1 Server Communications Security Requirements (L2 L3), 9.2.3 Server Communications Security Requirements (L2 L3)
[25] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M3 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.9
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.4
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.4
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.4
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.3 - Terminal Software Design
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.3 - Terminal Software Design
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3305 CAT I
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3305 CAT I
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3305 CAT I
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3305 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3305 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3305 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3305 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-001810 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-000590 CAT II
[58] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Application Misconfiguration (WASC-15), Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[59] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.structural.yaml.kubernetes_misconfiguration_weak_etcd_ssl_certificate.base