Kingdom: Environment

This section includes everything that is outside of the source code but is still critical to the security of the product that is being created. Because the issues covered by this kingdom are not directly related to source code, we separated it from the rest of the kingdoms.

Cache Management: User-Agent

Abstract
Insecure cache management policies can lead to information exposure.
Explanation
An HTTP response containing a Vary header indicates that server-driven negotiation was done to determine which content should be delivered. It can be used to set "user-agent" as the criteria for negotiation. This might indicate that different content is available based on the User-Agent header in the HTTP request. An attacker could discover hidden application functionality or resources by submitting different values in the user-agent header.
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 525
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [4] CWE ID 200
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [7] CWE ID 200
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [20] CWE ID 200
[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 CM-4 Security Impact Analysis (P2)
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 CM-4 Impact Analyses
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 8.2.1 Client-side Data Protection (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.1 General Data Protection (L2 L3), 8.1.2 General Data Protection (L2 L3)
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M3 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M5 Insecure Communication
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A04 Insecure Design
[15] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Information Leakage (WASC-13)
[16] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Information Leakage
desc.dynamic.xtended_preview.cache_management_user_agent