Kingdom: Encapsulation
Encapsulation is about drawing strong boundaries. In a web browser that might mean ensuring that your mobile code cannot be abused by other mobile code. On the server it might mean differentiation between validated data and unvalidated data, between one user's data and another's, or between data users are allowed to see and data that they are not.
Embedding and Data Exposure
Abstract
Allowing the storage of vector embeddings without encryption or proper access controls can lead to unauthorized access, data leakage, and potential misuse of sensitive information.
Explanation
Storing vector embeddings without encryption or proper access controls can lead to unauthorized access and data leakage. Embeddings often represent sensitive information, and their exposure can compromise data confidentiality and integrity.
Example 1: In the following code snippet, a FAISS index containing embeddings is written to a file named `index.faiss`.
If this file is stored without encryption, it becomes susceptible to unauthorized access, potentially exposing sensitive data.
Example 1: In the following code snippet, a FAISS index containing embeddings is written to a file named `index.faiss`.
import faiss
...
# Generate random embeddings
embeddings = get_llm_embedding()
# Create a FAISS index
index.add(embeddings)
# Write the index to a file
faiss.write_index(index, "index.faiss")
If this file is stored without encryption, it becomes susceptible to unauthorized access, potentially exposing sensitive data.
References
[1] OWASP Top 10 for Large Language Model Applications OWASP
[2] Security of AI embeddings explained IronCore Labs
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 313
[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001350, CCI-002475
[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 MP
[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AU-9 Protection of Audit Information (P1), SC-28 Protection of Information at Rest (P1)
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AU-9 Protection of Audit Information, SC-28 Protection of Information at Rest
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M2 Insecure Data Storage
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A8 Insecure Storage
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A8 Insecure Cryptographic Storage
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A7 Insecure Cryptographic Storage
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A02 Cryptographic Failures
[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.3
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.3
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.3 - Terminal Software Design
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.3 - Terminal Software Design
[26] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311
[27] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3210.1 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3210.1 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3210.1 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3210.1 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3210.1 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3210.1 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3210.1 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.2 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Information Leakage (WASC-13)
desc.structural.python.embedding_and_data_exposure