<forward> tag with a missing name attribute often indicates leftover debug code or a typographical error.<forward> tag must have name and path attributes. Without a name, the forward will never be used.<forward> tag has an empty name attribute.
<forward name="" path="/results.jsp"/>
<forward> tag with a missing path attribute often indicates leftover debug code or a typographical error.<forward> tag must have name and path attributes. It is an error to omit a path or to specify a blank path. Furthermore, all paths must start with the "/" character.<forward> tag has a missing path attribute.
<forward name="success" />
<form-validation>
<formset>
<form name="ProjectForm">
...
</form>
<form name="ProjectForm">
...
</form>
</formset>
</form-validation>
validate() method that fails to call super.validate().validate() method to check the contents of the form properties against the constraints specified in the associated validation form. That means the following classes have a validate() method that is part of the validation framework:
ValidatorForm
ValidatorActionForm
DynaValidatorForm
DynaValidatorActionForm
validate() method, you must call super.validate() in your validate() implementation. If you do not, the Validation Framework cannot check the contents of the form against a validation form. In other words, the validation framework will be disabled for the given form.
ValidatorForm
ValidatorActionForm
DynaValidatorActionForm
DynaValidaorForm
validate() method in these classes.
ActionForm
DynaActionForm
ActionForm for more than one purpose. In situations such as this, some fields may go unused under some action mappings. It is critical that unused fields be validated too. Preferably, unused fields should be constrained so that they can only be empty or undefined. If unused fields are not validated, shared business logic in an action could allow attackers to bypass the validation checks that are performed for other uses of the form.form-bean entries to map HTML forms to actions. If the <action-mappings> element of the Struts configuration file does not contain an entry that corresponds to a relevant action form defined via a <form-bean> tag, the application logic might not be up-to-date.bean2.
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="bean1" type="coreservlets.UserFormBean1" />
<form-bean name="bean2" type="coreservlets.UserFormBean2" />
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/actions/register1" type="coreservlets.RegisterAction1" name="bean1" scope="request" />
</action-mappings>
validate() method.
<action path="/download"
type="com.website.d2.action.DownloadAction"
name="downloadForm"
scope="request"
input=".download"
validate="false">
</action>
ActionForm class. One indication that validation logic is not being properly maintained is inconsistencies between the action form and the validation form.
public class DateRangeForm extends ValidatorForm {
String startDate, endDate;
public void setStartDate(String startDate) {
this.startDate = startDate;
}
public void setEndDate(String endDate) {
this.endDate = endDate;
}
}
startDate and endDate.
<form name="DateRangeForm">
<field property="startDate" depends="date">
<arg0 key="start.date"/>
</field>
<field property="endDate" depends="date">
<arg0 key="end.date"/>
</field>
<field property="scale" depends="integer">
<arg0 key="range.scale"/>
</field>
</form>
scale. The presence of the third field suggests that DateRangeForm was modified without taking validation into account.
...
CALL FUNCTION 'FTP_VERSION'
...
IMPORTING
EXEPATH = p
VERSION = v
WORKING_DIR = dir
RFCPATH = rfcp
RFCVERSION = rfcv
TABLES
FTP_TRACE = FTP_TRACE.
WRITE: 'exepath: ', p, 'version: ', v, 'working_dir: ', dir, 'rfcpath: ', rfcp, 'rfcversion: ', rfcv.
...
string cs="database=northwind;server=mySQLServer...";
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(cs);
...
Console.Writeline(cs);
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
char* path = getenv("PATH");
...
fprintf(stderr, "cannot find exe on path %s\n", path);
Example 1, the search path could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
print(Platform.environment["HOME"]);
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
path := os.Getenv("PATH")
...
log.Printf("Cannot find exe on path %s\n", path)
Example 1, the search path could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
try {
...
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
try {
...
} catch (Exception e) {
String exception = Log.getStackTraceString(e);
Intent i = new Intent();
i.setAction("SEND_EXCEPTION");
i.putExtra("exception", exception);
view.getContext().sendBroadcast(i);
}
...
...
public static final String TAG = "NfcActivity";
private static final String DATA_SPLITTER = "__:DATA:__";
private static final String MIME_TYPE = "application/my.applications.mimetype";
...
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager)Context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String VERSION = tm.getDeviceSoftwareVersion();
...
NfcAdapter nfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(this);
if (nfcAdapter == null)
return;
String text = TAG + DATA_SPLITTER + VERSION;
NdefRecord record = new NdefRecord(NdefRecord.TNF_MIME_MEDIA,
MIME_TYPE.getBytes(), new byte[0], text.getBytes());
NdefRecord[] records = { record };
NdefMessage msg = new NdefMessage(records);
nfcAdapter.setNdefPushMessage(msg, this);
...
$log.log(exception);
try {
...
} catch (e: Exception) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
try {
...
} catch (e: Exception) {
val exception = Log.getStackTraceString(e)
val intent = Intent()
intent.action = "SEND_EXCEPTION"
intent.putExtra("exception", exception)
view.context.sendBroadcast(intent)
}
...
...
companion object {
const val TAG = "NfcActivity"
private const val DATA_SPLITTER = "__:DATA:__"
private const val MIME_TYPE = "application/my.applications.mimetype"
}
...
val tm = Context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE) as TelephonyManager
val VERSION = tm.getDeviceSoftwareVersion();
...
val nfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(this)
val text: String = "$TAG$DATA_SPLITTER$VERSION"
val record = NdefRecord(NdefRecord.TNF_MIME_MEDIA, MIME_TYPE.getBytes(), ByteArray(0), text.toByteArray())
val records = arrayOf(record)
val msg = NdefMessage(records)
nfcAdapter.setNdefPushMessage(msg, this)
...
...
NSString* deviceID = [[UIDevice currentDevice] name];
[deviceID writeToFile:@"/dev/stderr" atomically:NO encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];
...
<?php
...
echo "Server error! Printing the backtrace";
debug_print_backtrace();
...
?>
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
begin
log = Logger.new(STDERR)
...
rescue Exception
log.info("Exception: " + $!)
...
end
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program. Of course, another problem with Example 1 is rescuing the root Exception instead of a specific type or error/exception, meaning it will catch all exceptions, potentially causing other unconsidered side effects.
...
public struct StderrOutputStream: OutputStreamType {
public static let stream = StderrOutputStream()
public func write(string: String) {fputs(string, stderr)}
}
public var errStream = StderrOutputStream.stream
let deviceID = UIDevice.currentDevice().name
println("Device ID: \(deviceID)", &errStream)
...
true, axis.enableListQuery enables listing of the Web Service Deployment Descriptor (WSDD). This feature exposes the current system configuration which contains sensitive information like the adminservice password.
...
CALL FUNCTION 'FTP_VERSION'
...
IMPORTING
EXEPATH = p
VERSION = v
WORKING_DIR = dir
RFCPATH = rfcp
RFCVERSION = rfcv
TABLES
FTP_TRACE = FTP_TRACE.
WRITE: 'exepath: ', p, 'version: ', v, 'working_dir: ', dir, 'rfcpath: ', rfcp, 'rfcversion: ', rfcv.
...
try {
...
}
catch(e:Error) {
trace(e.getStackTrace());
}
Example 1, the search path could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.<apex:messages/> element of a Visualforce page:
try {
...
} catch (Exception e) {
ApexPages.Message msg = new ApexPages.Message(ApexPages.Severity.FATAL, e.getMessage());
ApexPages.addMessage(msg);
}
try
{
...
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Response.Write(e.ToString());
}
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
int sockfd;
int flags;
char hostname[1024];
hostname[1023] = '\0';
gethostname(hostname, 1023);
...
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
flags = 0;
send(sockfd, hostname, strlen(hostname), flags);
Example 1, the search path could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.SQLCODE and the error message SQlERRMC associated with the SQL command that caused the error to the terminal.
...
EXEC SQL
WHENEVER SQLERROR
PERFORM DEBUG-ERR
SQL-EXEC.
...
DEBUG-ERR.
DISPLAY "Error code is: " SQLCODE.
DISPLAY "Error message is: " SQLERRMC.
...
Example 1, a database error message can reveal that the application is vulnerable to a SQL injection attack. Other error messages can reveal more oblique clues about the system.
<cfcatch type="Any">
<cfset exception=getException(myObj)>
<cfset message=exception.toString()>
<cfoutput>
Exception message: #message#
</cfoutput>
</cfcatch>
func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
host, err := os.Hostname()
...
fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s is busy, please try again later.", host)
}
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
protected void doPost (HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws IOException {
...
PrintWriter out = res.getWriter();
try {
...
} catch (Exception e) {
out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
try {
...
} catch (Exception e) {
String exception = Log.getStackTraceString(e);
Intent i = new Intent();
i.setAction("SEND_EXCEPTION");
i.putExtra("exception", exception);
view.getContext().sendBroadcast(i);
}
...
...
public static final String TAG = "NfcActivity";
private static final String DATA_SPLITTER = "__:DATA:__";
private static final String MIME_TYPE = "application/my.applications.mimetype";
...
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager)Context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String VERSION = tm.getDeviceSoftwareVersion();
...
NfcAdapter nfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(this);
if (nfcAdapter == null)
return;
String text = TAG + DATA_SPLITTER + VERSION;
NdefRecord record = new NdefRecord(NdefRecord.TNF_MIME_MEDIA,
MIME_TYPE.getBytes(), new byte[0], text.getBytes());
NdefRecord[] records = { record };
NdefMessage msg = new NdefMessage(records);
nfcAdapter.setNdefPushMessage(msg, this);
...
...
dirReader.readEntries(function(results){
...
}, function(error){
$("#myTextArea").val('There was a problem: ' + error);
});
...
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
protected fun doPost(req: HttpServletRequest, res: HttpServletResponse) {
...
val out: PrintWriter = res.getWriter()
try {
...
} catch (e: Exception) {
out.println(e.message)
}
}
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
try {
...
} catch (e: Exception) {
val exception = Log.getStackTraceString(e)
val intent = Intent()
intent.action = "SEND_EXCEPTION"
intent.putExtra("exception", exception)
view.context.sendBroadcast(intent)
}
...
...
companion object {
const val TAG = "NfcActivity"
private const val DATA_SPLITTER = "__:DATA:__"
private const val MIME_TYPE = "application/my.applications.mimetype"
}
...
val tm = Context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE) as TelephonyManager
val VERSION = tm.getDeviceSoftwareVersion();
...
val nfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(this)
val text: String = "$TAG$DATA_SPLITTER$VERSION"
val record = NdefRecord(NdefRecord.TNF_MIME_MEDIA, MIME_TYPE.getBytes(), ByteArray(0), text.toByteArray())
val records = arrayOf(record)
val msg = NdefMessage(records)
nfcAdapter.setNdefPushMessage(msg, this)
...
NSString *deviceName = [[UIDevice currentDevice] name];
NSString *baseUrl = @"http://myserver.com/?dev=";
NSString *urlString = [baseUrl stringByAppendingString:deviceName];
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];
NSURLRequest* request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:60.0];
NSError *err = nil;
NSURLResponse* response = nil;
NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&response error:&err];
<?php
...
echo "Server error! Printing the backtrace";
debug_print_backtrace();
...
?>
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME to the page.
...
HTP.htmlOpen;
HTP.headOpen;
HTP.title ('Environment Information');
HTP.headClose;
HTP.bodyOpen;
HTP.br;
HTP.print('Path Information: ' ||
OWA_UTIL.get_cgi_env('PATH_INFO') || '');
HTP.print('Script Name: ' ||
OWA_UTIL.get_cgi_env('SCRIPT_NAME') || '');
HTP.br;
HTP.bodyClose;
HTP.htmlClose;
...
}
Example 1, the search path could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
import cgi
cgi.print_environ()
...
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
response = Rack::Response.new
...
stacktrace = caller # Kernel#caller returns an array of the execution stack
...
response.finish do |res|
res.write "There was a problem: #{stacktrace}"
end
Example 1, the search path could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
def doSomething() = Action { request =>
...
Ok(Html(Properties.osName)) as HTML
}
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
let deviceName = UIDevice.currentDevice().name
let urlString : String = "http://myserver.com/?dev=\(deviceName)"
let url : NSURL = NSURL(string:urlString)
let request : NSURLRequest = NSURLRequest(URL:url)
var err : NSError?
var response : NSURLResponse?
var data : NSData = NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request, returningResponse: &response, error:&err)
Response output stream:
...
If Err.number <>0 then
Response.Write "An Error Has Occurred on this page!<BR>"
Response.Write "The Error Number is: " & Err.number & "<BR>"
Response.Write "The Description given is: " & Err.Description & "<BR>"
End If
...
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
<!-- TBD: this needs a security audit -->
<form method="POST" action="recalcOrbit">
...
Example 2: The following method will throw a
protected void doPost (HttpServletRequest req,
HttpServletResponse res)
throws IOException {
String ip = req.getRemoteAddr();
InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName(ip);
...
out.println("hello " + addr.getHostName());
}
NullPointerException if the parameter "name" is not part of the request.
protected void doPost (HttpServletRequest req,
HttpServletResponse res)
throws IOException {
String name = getParameter("name");
...
out.println("hello " + name.trim());
}
...
CALL FUNCTION 'FTP_VERSION'
...
IMPORTING
EXEPATH = p
VERSION = v
WORKING_DIR = dir
RFCPATH = rfcp
RFCVERSION = rfcv
TABLES
FTP_TRACE = FTP_TRACE.
WRITE: 'exepath: ', p, 'version: ', v, 'working_dir: ', dir, 'rfcpath: ', rfcp, 'rfcversion: ', rfcv.
...
try {
...
}
catch(e:Error) {
trace(e.getStackTrace());
}
Example 1, the search path could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
try {
...
} catch (Exception e) {
System.Debug(LoggingLevel.ERROR, e.getMessage());
}
string cs="database=northwind;server=mySQLServer...";
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(cs);
...
Console.Writeline(cs);
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
char* path = getenv("PATH");
...
fprintf(stderr, "cannot find exe on path %s\n", path);
Example 1, the search path could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
EXEC CICS DUMP TRANSACTION
DUMPCODE('name')
FROM (data-area)
LENGTH (data-value)
END-EXEC.
...
<cfscript>
try {
obj = CreateObject("person");
}
catch(any excpt) {
f = FileOpen("c:\log.txt", "write");
FileWriteLine(f, "#excpt.Message#");
FileClose(f);
}
</cfscript>
final file = await File('example.txt').create();
final raf = await file.open(mode: FileMode.write);
final data = String.fromEnvironment("PASSWORD");
raf.writeString(data);
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
path := os.Getenv("PATH")
...
log.Printf("Cannot find exe on path %s\n", path)
Example 1, the search path could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
protected void doPost (HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws IOException {
...
PrintWriter out = res.getWriter();
try {
...
} catch (Exception e) {
out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
try {
...
} catch (Exception e) {
String exception = Log.getStackTraceString(e);
Intent i = new Intent();
i.setAction("SEND_EXCEPTION");
i.putExtra("exception", exception);
view.getContext().sendBroadcast(i);
}
...
...
public static final String TAG = "NfcActivity";
private static final String DATA_SPLITTER = "__:DATA:__";
private static final String MIME_TYPE = "application/my.applications.mimetype";
...
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager)Context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String VERSION = tm.getDeviceSoftwareVersion();
...
NfcAdapter nfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(this);
if (nfcAdapter == null)
return;
String text = TAG + DATA_SPLITTER + VERSION;
NdefRecord record = new NdefRecord(NdefRecord.TNF_MIME_MEDIA,
MIME_TYPE.getBytes(), new byte[0], text.getBytes());
NdefRecord[] records = { record };
NdefMessage msg = new NdefMessage(records);
nfcAdapter.setNdefPushMessage(msg, this);
...
var http = require('http');
...
http.request(options, function(res){
...
}).on('error', function(e){
console.log('There was a problem with the request: ' + e);
});
...
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
try {
...
} catch (e: Exception) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
try {
...
} catch (e: Exception) {
Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(e))
}
...
...
NSString* deviceID = [[UIDevice currentDevice] name];
NSLog(@"DeviceID: %@", deviceID);
...
deviceID entry to the list of user defaults, and stores them immediately to a plist file.
...
NSString* deviceID = [[UIDevice currentDevice] name];
[defaults setObject:deviceID forKey:@"deviceID"];
[defaults synchronize];
...
Example 2 stores system information from the mobile device in an unprotected plist file stored on the device. Although many developers trust plist files as a safe storage location for any and all data, it should not be trusted implicitly particularly when system information and privacy are a concern, since plist files could be read by anyone in possession of the device.
<?php
...
echo "Server error! Printing the backtrace";
debug_print_backtrace();
...
?>
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
try:
...
except:
print(sys.exc_info()[2])
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
...
begin
log = Logger.new(STDERR)
...
rescue Exception
log.info("Exception: " + $!)
...
end
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program. Of course, another problem with Example 1 is rescuing the root Exception instead of a specific type or error/exception, meaning it will catch all exceptions, potentially causing other unconsidered side effects.
...
println(Properties.osName)
...
Example 1, the leaked information could imply information about the type of operating system, the applications installed on the system, and the amount of care that the administrators have put into configuring the program.
let deviceName = UIDevice.currentDevice().name
...
NSLog("Device Identifier: %@", deviceName)
ASPError object to a script debugger, such as the Microsoft Script Debugger:
...
Debug.Write Server.GetLastError()
...
EnableSensitiveDataLogging option to true which allows application data used in database commands to be included in logging and exception messages.
...
services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options => {
options.UseSqlServer(_configuration.GetConnectionString("ApplicationDbConnection"));
options.EnableSensitiveDataLogging(true);
});
...
log4j.properties file causes all queries to be logged at the info level.
...
log4j.logger.net.sf.hibernate.type=info
log4j.logger.net.sf.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=info
...