Reino: Encapsulation

La encapsulación consiste en crear límites fuertes. En un explorador web esto puede suponer la seguridad de que tu codificación móvil no se vea comprometido por otro código móvil. En el servidor puede significar la diferenciación entre los datos validados y los que no lo están, entre los datos de un usuario y los de otro, o entre los diferentes usuarios, los datos que pueden ver y los que no.

GraphQL Bad Practices: GraphiQL Enabled

Abstract
Se crea un punto final de GraphQL con GraphiQL habilitado.
Explanation
GraphiQL es una herramienta integrada en el navegador que aprovecha el mecanismo de introspección del esquema de GraphQL para proporcionar una interfaz gráfica para el desarrollo y las pruebas de la API de GraphQL. GraphiQL ayuda a los usuarios a explorar esquemas GraphQL, así como a redactar y ejecutar consultas de GraphQL.

No se recomienda permitir el acceso a GraphiQL en producción, ya que habilitar la introspección de los esquemas de GraphQL a través de GraphiQL puede representar un riesgo para su postura de seguridad general. Un atacante puede usar GraphiQL y la introspección para obtener detalles de la implementación de un esquema de GraphQL que le permitan lanzar un ataque más específico. Los esquemas de GraphQL pueden filtrar información, como campos utilizados internamente, descripciones y notas de obsolescencia, que es posible que no esté destinada al público general.

Ejemplo 1: El siguiente código inicializa un punto final de GraphQL.js con GraphiQL habilitado por defecto:

app.use('/graphql', graphqlHTTP({
schema
}));
References
[1] OWASP OWASP Cheat Sheet Series: GraphQL Cheat Sheet
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 94
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [18] CWE ID 094
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [17] CWE ID 094
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [25] CWE ID 094
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [23] CWE ID 094
[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [11] CWE ID 094
[8] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001167
[9] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[10] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-18 Mobile Code (P2)
[12] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-18 Mobile Code
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M1 Weak Server Side Controls
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls
[32] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Risky Resource Management - CWE ID 094
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[55] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Application Misconfiguration (WASC-15)
desc.structural.javascript.graphql_bad_practices_graphiql_enabled
Abstract
Se crea un punto final de GraphQL con GraphiQL habilitado.
Explanation
GraphiQL es una herramienta integrada en el navegador que aprovecha el mecanismo de introspección del esquema de GraphQL para proporcionar una interfaz gráfica para el desarrollo y las pruebas de la API de GraphQL. GraphiQL ayuda a los usuarios a explorar esquemas GraphQL, así como a redactar y ejecutar consultas de GraphQL.

No se recomienda permitir el acceso a GraphiQL en producción, ya que habilitar la introspección de los esquemas de GraphQL a través de GraphiQL puede representar un riesgo para su postura de seguridad general. Un atacante puede usar GraphiQL y la introspección para obtener detalles de la implementación de un esquema de GraphQL que le permitan lanzar un ataque más específico. Los esquemas de GraphQL pueden filtrar información, como campos utilizados internamente, descripciones y notas de obsolescencia, que no esté destinada al público general.

Ejemplo 1: El siguiente código inicializa un punto final de GraphQL con GraphiQL habilitado:

app.add_url_rule('/graphql', view_func=GraphQLView.as_view(
'graphql',
schema = schema,
graphiql = True
))
References
[1] OWASP OWASP Cheat Sheet Series: GraphQL Cheat Sheet
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 94
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [18] CWE ID 094
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [17] CWE ID 094
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [25] CWE ID 094
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [23] CWE ID 094
[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [11] CWE ID 094
[8] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001167
[9] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[10] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-18 Mobile Code (P2)
[12] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-18 Mobile Code
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M1 Weak Server Side Controls
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls
[32] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Risky Resource Management - CWE ID 094
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-003300 CAT II
[55] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Application Misconfiguration (WASC-15)
desc.structural.python.graphql_bad_practices_graphiql_enabled