Reino: Input Validation and Representation

Los problemas de validación y representación de entradas están causados por metacaracteres, codificaciones alternativas y representaciones numéricas. Los problemas de seguridad surgen de entradas en las que se confía. Estos problemas incluyen: «desbordamientos de búfer», ataques de «scripts de sitios», "SQL injection" y muchas otras acciones.

OGNL Expression Injection

Java/JSP

Abstract

La evaluación de expresiones OGNL no validadas puede llevar a la ejecución remota de código.

Explanation

Object-Graph Navigation Language (OGNL) es un lenguaje de expresiones (EL) de código abierto para Java que permite evaluar expresiones de EL en el contexto de Value Stack de Struts 2. Al permitir que se evalúen expresiones no validadas contrastándolas con la Value Stack, puede permitir que un atacante acceda y modifique variables del sistema o ejecute un código arbitrario.

En el siguiente ejemplo, la aplicación utiliza datos no validados controlados por el usuario para crear y evaluar una expresión OGNL:


OgnlContext ctx = new OgnlContext();
String expression = request.getParameter("input");
Object expr = Ognl.parseExpression(expression);
Object value = Ognl.getValue(expr, ctx, root);
System.out.println("Value: " + value);

Un atacante puede enviar la siguiente expresión para ejecutar código arbitrario en el contexto del servidor de aplicaciones:


  (#rt = @java.lang.Runtime@getRuntime(),#rt.exec("calc.exe"))

References

[1] Apache Commons OGNL - Object-Graph Navigation Library

[2] Meder Kydyraliev Milking a horse or executing remote code in modern Java frameworks

[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 94, CWE ID 95

[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [18] CWE ID 094

[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [17] CWE ID 094

[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [25] CWE ID 094

[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [23] CWE ID 094

[8] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754

[9] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI

[10] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data

[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)

[12] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation

[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.4 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3)

[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection

[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws

[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws

[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection

[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection

[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection

[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection

[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6

[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2

[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation

[33] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Risky Resource Management - CWE ID 094

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[56] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Improper Input Handling (WASC-20)

desc.dataflow.java.ognl_expression_injection