Reino: Input Validation and Representation

Los problemas de validación y representación de entradas están causados por metacaracteres, codificaciones alternativas y representaciones numéricas. Los problemas de seguridad surgen de entradas en las que se confía. Estos problemas incluyen: «desbordamientos de búfer», ataques de «scripts de sitios», "SQL injection" y muchas otras acciones.

Server-Side Request Forgery

Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce una falsificación de solicitud del lado del servidor (SSRF, por sus siglas en inglés) cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se origina de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante puede usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo 1: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


...
PageReference ref = ApexPages.currentPage();
Map<String,String> params = ref.getParameters();
HttpRequest req = new HttpRequest();
req.setEndpoint(params.get('url'));
HTTPResponse res = new Http().send(req);


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los siguientes tipos de ataques:

- Examinar los puertos de los recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.

References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[6] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[7] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.apex.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce una falsificación de solicitud del lado del servidor (SSRF, por sus siglas en inglés) cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se origina de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante puede usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


string url = Request.Form["url"];
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync(url);


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Supervisión del puerto o de recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, las rutas file:// scheme y UNC permiten a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.

References
[1] Alexander Polyakov SSRF vs. Business critical applications BlackHat 2012
[2] SSRF bible. Cheatsheet ONSec Labs
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.dotnet.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce una falsificación de solicitud del lado del servidor (SSRF, por sus siglas en inglés) cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se origina de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante puede usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


char *url = maliciousInput();
CURL *curl = curl_easy_init();
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
CURLcode res = curl_easy_perform(curl);


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Examinar los puertos de los recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, usar las rutas file:// scheme y UNC puede permitir a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.

References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[6] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[7] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.cpp.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce una falsificación de solicitud del lado del servidor (SSRF, por sus siglas en inglés) cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se origina de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante puede usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


...
final server = await HttpServer.bind('localhost', 18081);
server.listen((request) async {
final headers = request.headers;
final url = headers.value('url');
final client = IOClient();
final response = await client.get(Uri.parse(url!));
...
}


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Examinar los puertos de los recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, las rutas file:// scheme y UNC permiten a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.

References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[6] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[7] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.dart.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce un ataque Server-Side Request Forgery cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red establecida por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se origina de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante puede usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que de otro modo no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


url := request.Form.Get("url")
res, err =: http.Get(url)
...


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Examinar los puertos de los recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- Examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos en sistemas Windows con las rutas file:// scheme y UNC.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de envenenamiento de caché DNS.

References
[1] Alexander Polyakov SSRF vs. Business critical applications BlackHat 2012
[2] SSRF bible. Cheatsheet ONSec Labs
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.golang.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce una falsificación de solicitud del lado del servidor (SSRF, por sus siglas en inglés) cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se origina de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante puede usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


String url = request.getParameter("url");
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response1 = httpclient.execute(httpGet);


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Supervisión del puerto o de recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, las rutas file:// scheme y UNC permiten a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.

References
[1] Alexander Polyakov SSRF vs. Business critical applications BlackHat 2012
[2] SSRF bible. Cheatsheet ONSec Labs
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.java.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce una Server-Side Request Forgery cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se origina de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante puede usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


var http = require('http');
var url = require('url');

function listener(request, response){
var request_url = url.parse(request.url, true)['query']['url'];
http.request(request_url)
...
}
...
http.createServer(listener).listen(8080);
...


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Supervisión del puerto o de recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, las rutas file:// scheme y UNC permiten a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.
References
[1] Alexander Polyakov SSRF vs. Business critical applications BlackHat 2012
[2] SSRF bible. Cheatsheet ONSec Labs
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.javascript.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce una falsificación de solicitud del lado del servidor (SSRF, por sus siglas en inglés) cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se origina de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante puede usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


val url: String = request.getParameter("url")
val httpclient: CloseableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault()
val httpGet = HttpGet(url)
val response1: CloseableHttpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpGet)


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Examinar los puertos de los recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, las rutas file:// scheme y UNC permiten a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.

References
[1] Alexander Polyakov SSRF vs. Business critical applications BlackHat 2012
[2] SSRF bible. Cheatsheet ONSec Labs
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.kotlin.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce un caso de Server-Side Request Forgery cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se originará de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante podrá usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


$url = $_GET['url'];
$c = curl_init();
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_POST, 0);
curl_setopt($c,CURLOPT_URL,$url);
$response=curl_exec($c);
curl_close($c);


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Supervisión del puerto o de recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, las rutas file:// scheme y UNC permiten a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.

References
[1] Alexander Polyakov SSRF vs. Business critical applications BlackHat 2012
[2] SSRF bible. Cheatsheet ONSec Labs
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.php.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce un caso de Server-Side Request Forgery cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se originará de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante podrá usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


url = request.GET['url']
handle = urllib.urlopen(url)


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Supervisión del puerto o de recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, las rutas file:// scheme y UNC permiten a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.

References
[1] Alexander Polyakov SSRF vs. Business critical applications BlackHat 2012
[2] SSRF bible. Cheatsheet ONSec Labs
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.python.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce un caso de Server-Side Request Forgery cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se originará de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante podrá usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


url = req['url']
Net::HTTP.get(url)


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Supervisión del puerto o de recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, las rutas file:// scheme y UNC permiten a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[6] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[7] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.ruby.server_side_request_forgery
Abstract
La aplicación inicia una conexión de red a un sistema de terceros usando datos controlados por el usuario para crear el URI de recurso.
Explanation
Se produce un caso de Server-Side Request Forgery cuando un atacante puede influir en una conexión de red hecha por el servidor de aplicaciones. La conexión de red se originará de la dirección IP interna del servidor de aplicaciones y un atacante podrá usar esta conexión para eludir los controles de red y examinar o atacar recursos internos que, de otro modo, no estarían expuestos.

Ejemplo: En el ejemplo siguiente, un atacante puede controlar la dirección URL a la que se conecta el servidor.


def getFile(url: String) = Action { request =>
...
val url = request.body.asText.getOrElse("http://google.com")

ws.url(url).get().map { response =>
Ok(s"Request sent to $url")
}
...
}


La habilidad del atacante para secuestrar la conexión de red depende de la parte específica del URI que puede controlar y de las bibliotecas usadas para establecer la conexión. Por ejemplo, al controlar el esquema URI, el atacante puede emplear protocolos que no sean http o https, como:

- up://
- ldap://
- jar://
- gopher://
- mailto://
- ssh2://
- telnet://
- expect://

Un atacante puede aprovechar esta conexión de red secuestrada para efectuar los ataques siguientes:

- Supervisión del puerto o de recursos de la intranet.
- Eludir los firewalls.
- Atacar a programas vulnerables ejecutándose en el servidor de aplicaciones o en la intranet.
- Atacar a aplicaciones web internas/externas con inyección de código o CSRF.
- Acceder a archivos locales con file:// scheme.
- En los sistemas de Windows, las rutas file:// scheme y UNC permiten a un atacante examinar y acceder a recursos compartidos internos.
- Llevar a cabo un ataque de "poisoning" (contaminación) en la memoria caché de DNS.

References
[1] Alexander Polyakov SSRF vs. Business critical applications BlackHat 2012
[2] SSRF bible. Cheatsheet ONSec Labs
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 918
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [24] CWE ID 918
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [21] CWE ID 918
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [19] CWE ID 918
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API7 Server Side Request Forgery
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.6 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.6.1 SSRF Protection Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 13.1.1 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A4 Insecure Direct Object References
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A10 Server-Side Request Forgery
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3600 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Abuse of Functionality (WASC-42)
desc.dataflow.scala.server_side_request_forgery