Reino: API Abuse

Un API es un contrato entre un autor de llamada y un receptor de llamada. Las formas de abuso de API más comunes los produce el autor de llamada cuando no consigue atender su fin de este contrato. Por ejemplo, si un programa no consigue llamar chdir() después de llamar chroot(), se viola el contrato que especifica cómo cambiar el directorio de origen activo de una forma segura. Otro buen ejemplo de un abuso de manual es esperar que el receptor devuelva una información de DNS de confianza al autor de llamada. En este caso, el autor de llamada abusa el API del receptor haciendo determinadas suposiciones sobre su comportamiento (que el valor de retorno se puede usar con fines de autenticación). También se puede violar el contrato entre el autor de llamada y el receptor desde el otro lado. Por ejemplo, si un codificador envía SecureRandom y devuelve un valor no aleatorio, se viola el contrato.

83 elementos encontrados
Debilidades
Abstract
El atributo unsecure especifica una lista de atributos cuyos valores se pueden establecer en el cliente.
Explanation
Los valores de atributos de los componentes de Oracle ADF Faces solo se pueden establecer normalmente en el servidor. Sin embargo, diversos componentes permiten al desarrollador definir una lista de atributos que se puede establecer en el cliente. El atributo unsecure de estos componentes puede especificar una lista de este tipo.

El único atributo que puede aparecer actualmente dentro del atributo unsecure es disabled; este permite que el cliente defina los componentes que se habilitarán y aquellos que no. Nunca es recomendable dejar que el cliente controle los valores de los atributos que solo deben establecerse en el servidor.

Ejemplo: el siguiente código muestra un componente inputText que recopila información de contraseñas del usuario y utiliza el atributo unsecure.


...
<af:inputText id="pwdBox"
label="#{resources.PWD}"
value=""#{userBean.password}
unsecure="disabled"
secret="true"
required="true"/>
...
References
[1] Oracle ADF Faces Tag Reference
[2] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[3] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
desc.structural.java.adf_faces_bad_practices_unsecure_attribute
Abstract
La aplicación permite que se usen cookies para el protocolo file://, lo que podría tener implicaciones de seguridad no deseadas.
Explanation
Las cookies son un mecanismo exclusivo de HTTP según RFC 2109. No se debe pretender que funcionen con protocolos diferentes de HTTP, incluido file://. No está claro cuál debería ser su comportamiento, ni qué reglas se deben aplicar para compartimentar la seguridad. Por ejemplo, ¿los archivos HTML que se descargan en el disco local desde Internet deben compartir las mismas cookies que cualquier código HTML instalado localmente?
References
[1] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[2] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
desc.semantic.java.android_bad_practices_use_of_file_scheme_cookies
Abstract
La aplicación especifica incorrectamente el middleware de la política de cookies de ASP.NET.
Explanation
El middleware ASP.NET Core que no se agrega a la canalización de middleware en el orden correcto no funcionará según lo previsto, dejando la aplicación expuesta a una variedad de problemas de seguridad.

Ejemplo 1: El método UseCookiePolicy() agrega el middleware de política de cookies a la canalización de middleware, lo que permite políticas de cookies personalizadas. Cuando se especifica en el orden incorrecto, como se muestra, se ignorará cualquier política de cookies establecida por el programador.


...
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(...);
var app = builder.Build(...);
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseSession();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
...
}

app.UseCookiePolicy();
...
References
[1] Rick Anderson, Steve Smith ASP.NET Core Middleware Microsoft
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 696, CWE ID 1188, CWE ID 565
[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[4] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 MP, SC
[5] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 CM-6 Configuration Settings (P1), SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1)
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 CM-6 Configuration Settings, SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 4.1.1 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3)
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.10
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.9
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.3 - Terminal Software Design, Control Objective 2.3 - Secure Defaults
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.3 - Terminal Software Design, Control Objective 2.3 - Secure Defaults, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3210.1 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3210.1 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3210.1 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3210.1 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3210.1 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3210.1 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3210.1 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Application Misconfiguration (WASC-15)
[51] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.controlflow.dotnet.asp_dotnet_middleware_out_of_order_default_cookie_configuration
Abstract
La aplicación especifica incorrectamente el middleware de redirección HTTPS ASP.NET predeterminado.
Explanation
El middleware ASP.NET Core que no se agrega a la canalización de middleware en el orden correcto no funcionará según lo previsto, dejando la aplicación expuesta a una variedad de problemas de seguridad.

Ejemplo 1: El método UseHttpsRedirection() agrega middleware de redirección HTTPS a la canalización de middleware, lo que permite la redirección de solicitudes HTTP no seguras a una solicitud HTTPS segura. Cuando se especifica en el orden incorrecto, como se muestra, no se producirá una redirección HTTPS significativa antes de procesar la solicitud a través del middleware que se muestra antes de la redirección. Esto permitirá que la aplicación procese las solicitudes HTTP antes de redirigirlas a la conexión HTTPS segura.


...
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(...);
var app = builder.Build(...);
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseSession();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
...
}

app.UseHttpsRedirection();
...
References
[1] Rick Anderson, Steve Smith ASP.NET Core Middleware Microsoft
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 696, CWE ID 200, CWE ID 311, CWE ID 319
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [4] CWE ID 200
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [7] CWE ID 200
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [20] CWE ID 200
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000068, CCI-001453, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422, CCI-002890, CCI-003123
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SC
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AC-17 Remote Access (P1), MA-4 Nonlocal Maintenance (P2), SC-2 Application Partitioning (P1), SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1)
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AC-17 Remote Access, MA-4 Nonlocal Maintenance, SC-2 Separation of System and User Functionality, SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 8.3.4 Sensitive Private Data (L1 L2 L3)
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M3 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M5 Insecure Communication
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.9
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.4
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.4
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.4
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.4
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 3.3 - Sensitive Data Retention, Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 3.3 - Sensitive Data Retention, Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.5 - Terminal Software Design
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 3.3 - Sensitive Data Retention, Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.5 - Terminal Software Design, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[30] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 319
[31] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3260.1 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3260 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3260 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3260 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-000160 CAT II, APSC-DV-000170 CAT II, APSC-DV-001940 CAT II, APSC-DV-001950 CAT II, APSC-DV-002150 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
desc.controlflow.dotnet.asp_dotnet_middleware_out_of_order_insecure_transport
Abstract
La aplicación especifica incorrectamente el middleware de registro de ASP.NET Core.
Explanation
El middleware ASP.NET Core que no se agrega a la canalización de middleware en el orden correcto no funcionará según lo previsto, dejando la aplicación expuesta a una variedad de problemas de seguridad.

Ejemplo 1: El método UseHttpLogging() agrega middleware de registro HTTP a la canalización de middleware que permite que los componentes de middleware se registren. Cuando se especifica en el orden incorrecto, como se muestra, no se agrega ningún middleware a la canalización antes de que se registre la llamada a UseHttpLogging().


...
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(...);
var app = builder.Build(...);
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseSession();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
...
}

app.UseHttpLogging();
...
Ejemplo 2: El método UseWC3Logging() agrega el middleware de registro W3C a la canalización de middleware que permite que los componentes de middleware se registren. Cuando se especifica en el orden incorrecto, como se muestra, no se agrega ningún middleware a la canalización antes de que se registre la llamada a UseWC3Logging().


...
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(...);
var app = builder.Build(...);
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseSession();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
...
}

app.UseWC3Logging();
...
References
[1] Rick Anderson, Steve Smith ASP.NET Core Middleware Microsoft
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 696, CWE ID 778
[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000172
[4] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AU-10 Non-Repudiation (P2), AU-12 Audit Generation (P1)
[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AU-10 Non-Repudiation, AU-12 Audit Record Generation
[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 7.1.3 Log Content Requirements (L2 L3), 7.1.4 Log Content Requirements (L2 L3), 7.2.1 Log Processing Requirements (L2 L3), 7.2.2 Log Processing Requirements (L2 L3)
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M1 Weak Server Side Controls
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration, A10 Insufficient Logging and Monitoring
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A09 Security Logging and Monitoring Failures
[14] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.10, Requirement 10.2.1, Requirement 10.2.4, Requirement 10.3.4
[15] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 10.2.1, Requirement 10.2.4, Requirement 10.3.4
[16] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 10.2.1, Requirement 10.2.4, Requirement 10.3.4
[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 10.2.1, Requirement 10.2.4, Requirement 10.3.4
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 10.2.1, Requirement 10.2.4, Requirement 10.3.4
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 10.2.1, Requirement 10.2.4, Requirement 10.3.4
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 10.2.1, Requirement 10.2.4, Requirement 10.3.4
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 10.2.1, Requirement 10.2.1.4, Requirement 10.2.2
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 8.2 - Activity Tracking
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 8.2 - Activity Tracking
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 8.2 - Activity Tracking
[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3680.4 CAT II, APP3680.5 CAT II
[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3680.4 CAT II, APP3680.5 CAT II
[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3680.4 CAT II, APP3680.5 CAT II
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3680.4 CAT II, APP3680.5 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3680.4 CAT II, APP3680.5 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3680.4 CAT II, APP3680.5 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3680.4 CAT II, APP3680.5 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-000590 CAT II, APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-000590 CAT II, APSC-DV-000830 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Application Misconfiguration (WASC-15)
desc.controlflow.dotnet.asp_dotnet_middleware_out_of_order_insufficient_logging
Abstract
La acción del controlador puede beneficiarse de estar limitado a aceptar solo uno de los siguientes verbos HTTP: Post, Put, Patch o Delete.
Explanation
Las acciones del controlador de ASP.NET MVC que modifican datos escribiendo, actualizando o eliminando podrían beneficiarse de estar limitado a aceptar uno de los siguientes verbos HTTP: Post, Put, Patch o Delete. Esto aumenta la dificultad de forgery de solicitudes entre sitios, ya que el clic accidental de vínculos no hará que la acción se ejecute.

La siguiente acción del controlador acepta de manera predeterminada cualquier verbo y puede ser susceptible de falsificación de solicitud entre sitios:


public ActionResult UpdateWidget(Model model)
{
// ... controller logic
}
References
[1] Don't use Delete Links because they create Security Holes
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 352
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [9] CWE ID 352
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [9] CWE ID 352
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [9] CWE ID 352
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [9] CWE ID 352
[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [9] CWE ID 352
[8] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-001941, CCI-001942
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 IA-2 Identification and Authentication (Organizational Users) (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1), SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 IA-2 Identification and Authentication (Organizational Users), SC-23 Session Authenticity, SI-10 Information Input Validation
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.5.3 Token-based Session Management (L2 L3), 4.2.2 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 13.2.3 RESTful Web Service Verification Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M3 Insecure Authentication/Authorization
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A5 Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A5 Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A8 Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A01 Broken Access Control
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.5
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.9
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.9
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.9
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.9
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.9
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls
[28] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 352
[29] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 352
[30] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 352
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3585 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3585 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3585 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3585 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3585 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3585 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3585 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-001620 CAT II, APSC-DV-001630 CAT II, APSC-DV-002500 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Cross-Site Request Forgery (WASC-09)
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Cross-Site Request Forgery
desc.structural.dotnet.aspnet_mvc_bad_practices_action_not_post_only
Abstract
La clase de modelo tiene propiedades requeridas y propiedades no requeridas y, por tanto, pueden ser susceptibles de ataques con cantidad excesiva de operaciones POST.
Explanation
El uso de una clase de modelo que tiene propiedades requeridas (marcadas con el atributo [Required]) y propiedades opcionales (no marcadas con el atributo [Required]) pueden dar lugar a problemas si un usuario malintencionado comunica una solicitud que contiene más datos de los esperados.

El marco ASP.NET MVC intentará enlazar parámetros de solicitud en las propiedades del modelo.

El hecho de tener requisitos mixtos sin comunicar explícitamente qué parámetros se van a enlazar con modelos puede indicar que hay propiedades de modelos para el uso interno, pero pueden estar controlados por un usuario malintencionado.

El siguiente código define una posible clase de modelos que tiene propiedades con [Required] y propiedades sin [Required]:


public class MyModel
{
[Required]
public String UserName { get; set; }

[Required]
public String Password { get; set; }

public Boolean IsAdmin { get; set; }
}


Si algún parámetro opcional puede cambiar el comportamiento de una aplicación, un usuario malintencionado podría cambiar ese comportamiento comunicando un parámetro opcional en una solicitud.
References
[1] Input Validation vs. Model Validation in ASP.NET MVC
[2] BindAttribute Class
[3] RequiredAttribute Class
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 345
[5] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002422
[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1)
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API3 Broken Object Property Level Authorization
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.5.3 Token-based Session Management (L2 L3), 13.2.6 RESTful Web Service Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M1 Weak Server Side Controls
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[21] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Improper Input Handling (WASC-20)
desc.structural.dotnet.aspnet_mvc_bad_practices_mixed_required_model
Abstract
La clase de modelos tiene una propiedad requerida que no admite valores NULL y, por lo tanto, es susceptible a los ataques con cantidad reducida de operaciones POST.
Explanation
El uso de una clase de modelos con propiedades requeridas que no admiten valores NULL (marcadas con el atributo [Required]) pueden dar lugar a problemas si un usuario malintencionado comunica una solicitud que contiene menos datos de los esperados.

El marco ASP.NET MVC intentará enlazar parámetros de solicitud en las propiedades del modelo.

Si un modelo tiene un parámetro requerido que no admite valores NULL y un usuario malintencionado no comunica ese parámetro requerido en una solicitud, es decir, el usuario malintencionado usa un ataque con cantidad reducida de operaciones POST, la propiedad tendrá el valor predeterminado (normalmente cero), que cumplirá con el atributo de validación [Required]. Esto podría producir un comportamiento inesperado de la aplicación.

El código siguiente define una posible clase de modelos que tiene una enumeración requerida que no admite valores NULL:


public enum ArgumentOptions
{
OptionA = 1,
OptionB = 2
}

public class Model
{
[Required]
public String Argument { get; set; }

[Required]
public ArgumentOptions Rounding { get; set; }
}
References
[1] Input Validation vs. Model Validation in ASP.NET MVC
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 345
[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002422
[4] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1)
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity
[6] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API3 Broken Object Property Level Authorization
[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.5.3 Token-based Session Management (L2 L3), 13.2.6 RESTful Web Service Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M1 Weak Server Side Controls
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[15] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[16] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[17] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[21] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Improper Input Handling (WASC-20)
desc.structural.dotnet.aspnet_mvc_bad_practices_required_non_nullable_in_model
Abstract
La clase de modelos tiene una propiedad requerida y es el tipo de un miembro opcional de un tipo de modelo principal y por tanto puede ser susceptible a los ataques con cantidad reducida de operaciones POST.
Explanation
Si un clase de modelos tiene una propiedad requerida y el tipo de un miembro opcional de una clase de modelos principal, puede ser susceptible a ataques con cantidad reducida de operaciones POST si un usuario malintencionado comunica una solicitud que contiene menos de los que se esperan.

El marco ASP.NET MVC intentará enlazar parámetros de solicitud en las propiedades del modelo, incluidos los submodelos.

Si un submodelo es opcional, es decir, el modelo principal tiene una propiedad sin el atributo [Required], y si un usuario malintencionado no comunica ese submodelo, la propiedad principal tendrá un valor null y los campos requeridos del modelo secundario no estarán confirmados por la validación del modelo. Esta es una forma de ataque con cantidad reducida de operaciones POST.

Tenga en cuenta las siguientes definiciones de clases de modelos:


public class ChildModel
{
public ChildModel()
{
}

[Required]
public String RequiredProperty { get; set; }
}

public class ParentModel
{
public ParentModel()
{
}

public ChildModel Child { get; set; }
}


Si un usuario malintencionado no comunica un valor para la propiedad ParentModel.Child, la propiedad ChildModel.RequiredProperty tendrá un [Required] no confirmado. Esto puede producir resultados no esperados y no deseados.
References
[1] Input Validation vs. Model Validation in ASP.NET MVC
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 345
[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002422
[4] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1)
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity
[6] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API3 Broken Object Property Level Authorization
[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.5.3 Token-based Session Management (L2 L3), 13.2.6 RESTful Web Service Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M1 Weak Server Side Controls
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[15] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[16] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[17] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[21] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Improper Input Handling (WASC-20)
desc.structural.dotnet.aspnet_mvc_bad_practices_optional_submodel_with_required_property
Abstract
La aplicación solicita a los usuarios que introduzcan sus huellas digitales sin proporcionar una justificación.
Explanation
De acuerdo con las directivas de Apple, la aplicación siempre debe explicar a los usuarios por qué se requieren sus huellas digitales. En caso contrario, puede confundirse al usuario o incluso hacer que la aplicación se rechace en AppStore.

Ejemplo 1: el siguiente código usa Touch ID para autenticar al usuario, pero no proporciona un motivo localizado que explique por qué se requiere la autenticación:


[context evaluatePolicy:LAPolicyDeviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics localizedReason:nil
reply:^(BOOL success, NSError *error) {
if (success) {
NSLog(@"Auth was OK");
}
}];
References
[1] David Thiel iOS Application Security: The Definitive Guide for Hackers and Developers No Starch Press
[2] Keychain and Authentication with Touch ID Apple
[3] https://developer.apple.com/reference/localauthentication/lacontext Apple
[4] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[5] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M3 Insecure Authentication/Authorization
[6] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-AUTH-1, MASVS-AUTH-2
desc.structural.objc.biometric_authentication_missing_operation_message
Abstract
La aplicación solicita a los usuarios que introduzcan sus huellas digitales sin proporcionar una justificación.
Explanation
De acuerdo con las directivas de Apple, la aplicación siempre debe explicar a los usuarios por qué se requieren sus huellas digitales. En caso contrario, puede confundirse al usuario o incluso hacer que la aplicación se rechace en AppStore.

Ejemplo 1: el siguiente código usa Touch ID para autenticar al usuario, pero no proporciona un motivo localizado que explique por qué se requiere la autenticación:


context.evaluatePolicy(LAPolicy.DeviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics, localizedReason: "", reply: { (success, error) -> Void in
if (success) {
print("Auth was OK");
}
else {
print("Error received: %d", error!);
}
})
References
[1] David Thiel iOS Application Security: The Definitive Guide for Hackers and Developers No Starch Press
[2] Keychain and Authentication with Touch ID Apple
[3] https://developer.apple.com/reference/localauthentication/lacontext Apple
[4] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[5] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M3 Insecure Authentication/Authorization
[6] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-AUTH-1, MASVS-AUTH-2
desc.structural.swift.biometric_authentication_missing_operation_message
Abstract
Una consulta Castor que no sea de solo lectura puede tener implicaciones de rendimiento.
Explanation
Incluso aunque Castor cree un bloqueo en un objeto, eso no impide que otros subprocesos lean o escriban en él. Las consultas de solo lectura son también unas siete veces más rápidas en comparación con el modo compartido predeterminado.

Ejemplo 1: el ejemplo siguiente especifica el modo de consulta como SHARED, que permite tener acceso de lectura y escritura.

results = query.execute(Database.SHARED);
References
[1] ExoLab Group Castor JDO - Best practice
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 265
[3] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 1.14.5 Configuration Architectural Requirements (L2 L3)
[4] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 7.1.1
[5] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 7.1.1
[6] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 7.1.2
[7] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 7.1.2
[8] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 7.1.2
[9] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 7.1.2
[10] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 7.2.2
[11] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[12] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[13] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls
[14] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3500 CAT II
[15] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3500 CAT II
[16] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3500 CAT II
[17] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3500 CAT II
[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3500 CAT II
[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3500 CAT II
[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3500 CAT II
desc.structural.java.castor_bad_practices_query_mode_not_read_only
Abstract
La consulta Castor no define de forma explícita un modo de consulta.
Explanation
De forma predeterminada, Castor ejecuta consultas en modo compartido. Como el modo compartido permite acceso de lectura y escritura, no está claro para qué tipo de operación está destinada la consulta. Si el objeto se va a usar en un contexto de solo lectura, el acceso compartido agrega una sobrecarga de rendimiento innecesaria.

Ejemplo 1: el ejemplo siguiente no especifica un modo de consulta.

results = query.execute(); //missing query mode
References
[1] ExoLab Group Castor JDO - Best practice
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 265
[3] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 1.14.5 Configuration Architectural Requirements (L2 L3)
[4] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 7.1.1
[5] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 7.1.1
[6] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 7.1.2
[7] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 7.1.2
[8] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 7.1.2
[9] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 7.1.2
[10] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 7.2.2
[11] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[12] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control
[13] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls
[14] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3500 CAT II
[15] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3500 CAT II
[16] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3500 CAT II
[17] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3500 CAT II
[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3500 CAT II
[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3500 CAT II
[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3500 CAT II
desc.semantic.java.castor_bad_practices_unspecified_query_mode
Abstract
Las solicitudes explícitas de recopilación de elementos no utilizados son un barómetro que indica la existencia de posible problemas de rendimiento.
Explanation
En algún momento de la carrera profesional del desarrollador de .NET, surge un problema para parece tan misterioso, impenetrable e inmune a la depuración que no queda otra opción que culpar al recopilador de elementos no utilizados. Sobre todo, cuando el error está relacionado con el tiempo y el estado, existe un indicio de prueba empírica que apoya esta teoría: la inserción de una llamada a GC.Collect() a menudo parece lograr que el problema desaparezca.

En casi todos los casos que hemos visto, la llamada a GC.Collect() es el método incorrecto. De hecho, llamar a GC.Collect() puede provocar problemas de rendimiento si se realiza con demasiada frecuencia.
References
[1] Scott Holden The perils of GC.Collect()
[2] Rico Mariani Performance Tidbits
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 730
[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001094
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection (P1)
[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection
[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A9 Application Denial of Service
[8] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.9
[9] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP6080 CAT II
[10] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP6080 CAT II
[11] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP6080 CAT II
[12] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP6080 CAT II
[13] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP6080 CAT II
[14] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP6080 CAT II
[15] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP6080 CAT II
[16] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[17] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[21] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Denial of Service (WASC-10)
[32] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Denial of Service
desc.structural.dotnet.code_correctness_call_to_gc_collect
Abstract
Las solicitudes explícitas de recopilación de elementos no utilizados son un barómetro que indica la existencia de posible problemas de rendimiento.
Explanation
En algún momento de la vida profesional de todos los desarrolladores de Java, surge un problema que parece tan misterioso, impenetrable e inmune a la depuración que parece que no hay otra alternativa que culpar al recopilador de elementos no utilizados. Sobre todo, cuando el error está relacionado con el tiempo y el estado, existe un indicio de prueba empírica que apoya esta teoría: la inserción de una llamada a System.gc() a menudo parece lograr que el problema desaparezca.

En casi todos los casos que hemos visto, la llamada a System.gc() es el método incorrecto. De hecho, llamar a System.gc() puede provocar problemas de rendimiento si se realiza con demasiada frecuencia.
References
[1] D. H. Hovermeyer FindBugs User Manual
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 730
[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001094
[4] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection (P1)
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection
[6] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A9 Application Denial of Service
[7] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.9
[8] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP6080 CAT II
[9] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP6080 CAT II
[10] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP6080 CAT II
[11] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP6080 CAT II
[12] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP6080 CAT II
[13] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP6080 CAT II
[14] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP6080 CAT II
[15] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[16] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[17] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[21] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Denial of Service (WASC-10)
[31] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Denial of Service
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_call_to_system_gc
Abstract
Equals() se llama en un objeto que no implementa Equals().
Explanation
Cuando se trata de comparar objetos, los desarrolladores normalmente quieren comparar propiedades de objetos. No obstante, llamar a Equals() en una clase (o una superclase/interfaz) que no implemente explícitamente Equals() resulta en una llamada al método Equals() heredado de System.Object. En lugar de comparar campos de miembros de objetos u otras propiedades, Object.Equals() compara dos instancias de objetos para ver si son las mismas. Aunque estos son usos legítimos de Object.Equals(), a menudo es indicativo de que el código contiene errores.

Ejemplo 1:

public class AccountGroup
{
private int gid;

public int Gid
{
get { return gid; }
set { gid = value; }
}
}
...
public class CompareGroup
{
public bool compareGroups(AccountGroup group1, AccountGroup group2)
{
return group1.Equals(group2); //Equals() is not implemented in AccountGroup
}
}
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.structural.dotnet.code_correctness_class_does_not_implement_equals
Abstract
El método equals() se llama en un objeto que no implementa equals().
Explanation
Cuando se trata de comparar objetos, los desarrolladores normalmente quieren comparar propiedades de objetos. No obstante, llamar a equals() en una clase (o una superclase/interfaz) que no implemente explícitamente equals() resulta en una llamada al método equals() heredado de java.lang.Object. En lugar de comparar campos de miembros de objetos u otras propiedades, Object.equals() compara dos instancias de objetos para ver si son las mismas. Aunque estos son usos legítimos de Object.equals(), a menudo es indicativo de que el código contiene errores.

Ejemplo 1:

public class AccountGroup
{
private int gid;

public int getGid()
{
return gid;
}

public void setGid(int newGid)
{
gid = newGid;
}
}
...
public class CompareGroup
{
public boolean compareGroups(AccountGroup group1, AccountGroup group2)
{
return group1.equals(group2); //equals() is not implemented in AccountGroup
}
}
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_class_does_not_implement_equals
Abstract
Este método finalize() debería llamar a super.finalize().
Explanation
Java Language Specification indica que es recomendable que un método finalize() llame a super.finalize() [1].

Ejemplo 1: el siguiente método omite la llamada a super.finalize().


protected void finalize() {
discardNative();
}
References
[1] J. Gosling, B. Joy, G. Steele, G. Bracha The Java Language Specification, Second Edition Addison-Wesley
[2] MET12-J. Do not use finalizers CERT
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 568
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_erroneous_finalize_method
Abstract
Si se utiliza la firma de método incorrecto en un método de serialización, puede que nunca se llame a dicho método.
Explanation
Corrección del código: se producen problemas de firma incorrecta del método serializable cuando una clase serializable crea una función de serialización o deserialización pero no sigue las firmas correctas:


private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException;
private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException;
private void readObjectNoData() throws ObjectStreamException;


Una desviación de las firmas del método que requiere la serialización puede provocar que nunca se llame al método durante la serialización o deserialización. Esto supondría una serialización o deserialización incompleta o podría permitir que un código que no es de confianza obtenga acceso a los objetos.
En el caso de que se produzcan excepciones no arrojadas, puede significar que la serialización o deserialización está fallando y bloqueando la aplicación o que podría incluso fallar discretamente. En tal caso, los objetos se crearían correctamente solo en parte y se producirían errores muy difíciles de depurar. El autor de la llamada deberá filtrar estas excepciones de manera que la serialización o deserialización incorrectas puedan tratarse correctamente sin la presencia de bloqueos o de objetos creados parcialmente.
References
[1] SER01-J. Do not deviate from the proper signatures of serialization methods CERT
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_incorrect_serializable_method_signature
Abstract
Después de confirmar el flujo de salida de un servlet, no es correcto restablecer el búfer de flujo ni realizar cualquier otra acción que vuelva a confirmar el flujo. Asimismo, no es correcto llamar getWriter() después de haber llamado getOutputStream o viceversa.
Explanation
Enviar una HttpServletRequest, redirigir una HttpServletResponse o vaciar el flujo de salida del servlet provoca la confirmación del flujo asociado. Todo restablecimiento de búfer o confirmación de flujo, como los vaciados o los redireccionamientos adicionales, provocarán una IllegalStateExceptions.

Además, los servlets de Java permiten que los datos se escriban en el flujo de respuesta empleando ServletOutputStream o PrintWriter, pero no ambos. Llamar getWriter() después de haber llamado getOutputStream(), o viceversa, también provocará una IllegalStateException.



En tiempo de ejecución, una IllegalStateException impide que el controlador de respuesta se ejecute hasta la finalización, entregando la respuesta de forma eficaz. Esto puede causar inestabilidad en el servidor, señal de que un servlet se ha implementado incorrectamente.

Ejemplo 1: el código siguiente redirige la respuesta del servlet después de que su búfer de flujo de salida se haya vaciado.

public class RedirectServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
...
OutputStream out = res.getOutputStream();
...
// flushes, and thereby commits, the output stream
out.flush();
out.close(); // redirecting the response causes an IllegalStateException
res.sendRedirect("http://www.acme.com");
}
}
Ejemplo 2: por otra parte, el código siguiente intenta escribir en el búfer de PrintWriter y vaciarlo después de que la solicitud se haya enviado.

public class FlushServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
...
// forwards the request, implicitly committing the stream
getServletConfig().getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/jsp/boom.jsp").forward(req, res);
...

// IllegalStateException; cannot redirect after forwarding
res.sendRedirect("http://www.acme.com/jsp/boomboom.jsp");

PrintWriter out = res.getWriter();

// writing to an already-committed stream will not cause an exception,
// but will not apply these changes to the final output, either
out.print("Writing here does nothing");

// IllegalStateException; cannot flush a response's buffer after forwarding the request
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}
References
[1] IllegalStateException in a Servlet - when & why do we get?
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001094
[4] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection (P1)
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection
[6] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[7] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[8] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[9] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[10] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[11] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[12] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[13] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[14] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[15] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[16] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[17] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
desc.controlflow.java.code_correctness_multiple_stream_commits
Abstract
El encabezado Content-Length está configurado como negativo.
Explanation
En la mayoría de los casos, la configuración del encabezado Content-Length de una solicitud indica que el desarrollador está interesado en
comunicar la longitud de los datos POST enviados al servidor. No obstante, este encabezado debe ser 0 o un
número entero positivo.

Ejemplo 1: el siguiente código establecerá un encabezado Content-Length incorrecto.

URL url = new URL("http://www.example.com");
HttpURLConnection huc = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
huc.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", "-1000");
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
[2] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.6
[3] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[4] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.6
[5] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.6
desc.structural.java.api_abuse_code_correctness_negative_content_length
Abstract
El encabezado Content-Length está configurado como negativo.
Explanation
En la mayoría de los casos, la configuración del encabezado Content-Length de una solicitud indica que el desarrollador está interesado en
comunicar la longitud de los datos POST enviados al servidor. No obstante, este encabezado debe ser 0 o un
número entero positivo.

Ejemplo 1: el siguiente código configura de forma incorrecta el encabezado Content-Length como negativo:

xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Length", "-1000");
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
[2] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.6
[3] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[4] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.6
[5] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.6
desc.structural.javascript.api_abuse_code_correctness_negative_content_length
Abstract
ToString() se llama en una matriz.
Explanation
En la mayoría de los casos, una llamada a ToString() en una matriz indica que un desarrollador está interesado en devolver el contenido de la matriz como cadena. Sin embargo, una llamada directa ToString() en una matriz devolverá un valor de cadena que contiene el tipo de la matriz.

Ejemplo 1: el siguiente código proporcionará como salida System.String[].

String[] stringArray = { "element 1", "element 2", "element 3", "element 4" };
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(stringArray.ToString());
References
[1] Class Arrays Microsoft
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.structural.dotnet.code_correctness_tostring_on_array
Abstract
toString() se llama en una matriz.
Explanation
En la mayoría de los casos, una llamada a toString() en una matriz indica que un desarrollador está interesado en devolver el contenido de la matriz como cadena. Sin embargo, una llamada directa para toString() en una matriz devolverá un valor de cadena que contiene el tipo de matriz y el código hash en memoria.
Ejemplo 1: el siguiente código proporcionará como salida [Ljava.lang.String;@1232121.

String[] strList = new String[5];
...
System.out.println(strList);
References
[1] Class Arrays Sun Microsystems
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_tostring_on_array