界: Input Validation and Representation

入力の検証や表現の問題は、メタキャラクター、代替エンコーディング、数値表現などによって引き起こされます。セキュリティの問題は、入力を信頼することに起因します。この問題に含まれるのは、「Buffer Overflow」、「Cross-Site Scripting」攻撃、「SQL Injection」などです。

JSON Path Manipulation

PHP
Scala

Abstract

アプリケーションは、信頼できないデータを使用して JSON クエリを実行するため、攻撃者によって JSON ドキュメントの予期しない部分がクエリされる可能性があります。

Explanation

ツリーのようなアクセス構文を使用して JSON ドキュメント内を移動する機能を提供するテクノロジーは多数あります。このタイプのドキュメントトラバーサルを使用すると、攻撃者はアクセスできないはずの JSON ドキュメントの一部をクエリできます。

例 1: 次のコードでは、ユーザー定義のキーワードを使用して、名前や住所などのパブリックユーザーの詳細を含む JSON ドキュメントにアクセスしますが、この JSON ドキュメントにはユーザーのパスワードといった個人情報も含まれています。


    $userInput = getUserIn();
    $document = getJSONDoc();
    $part = simdjson_key_value($document, $userInput);
    echo json_decode($part);

userInput はユーザー制御可能であるため、悪意のあるユーザーはこれを利用して、JSON ドキュメントに含まれる機密データにアクセスすることができます。

References

[1] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754

[2] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI

[3] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data

[4] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3

[5] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1

[6] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3

[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)

[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation

[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API1 Broken Object Level Authorization

[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection

[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation

[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws

[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws

[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection

[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection

[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection

[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6

[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2

[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1

[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation

[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I

[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I

[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I

[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002550 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

desc.dataflow.php.json_path_manipulation

Abstract

Explanation


  def searchUserDetails(key:String) = Action.async { implicit request =>
    val user_json = getUserDataFor(user)
    val value = (user_json \ key).get.as[String]
    ...
  }

key はユーザーによって制御可能であるため、悪意のあるユーザーはこれを利用して、ユーザーのパスワードなど JSON ドキュメントに含まれる他の個人データにアクセスすることができます。