계: Environment

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Azure Terraform Misconfiguration: Missing SQL Database Encryption

Abstract

Azure SQL 데이터베이스가 데이터 암호화를 활성화하지 않습니다.

Explanation

공격자가 기밀 정보에 액세스하기 위해 흔히 사용하는 방법 중 하나가 물리적 미디어를 훔치는 것입니다.

Azure SQL 데이터베이스는 기본적으로 TDE(Transparent Data Encryption)를 사용하여 미사용 데이터를 암호화하고 보호합니다.

Azure SQL 데이터베이스에 대해 TDE를 비활성화하면 데이터 절도 가능성이 발생합니다.

예제 1: 다음 예제에는 데이터를 암호화하지 않는 Azure SQL 데이터베이스를 정의하는 Terraform 구성이 나와 있습니다.


resource "azurerm_mssql_database" "aztf008-tp-01" {
  name           = "aztf008-db-d"
  ... 
  sku_name       = "DW100c"
  ...
  transparent_data_encryption_enabled = false
}

References

[1] HashiCorp azurerm_mssql_database

[2] Microsoft Transparent data encryption (TDE)

[3] Standards Mapping - CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark Recommendation 4.1.5

[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 311

[5] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000068, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422

[6] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC

[7] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection

[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AC-17 Remote Access (P1), SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1)

[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AC-17 Remote Access, SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity

[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration

[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)

[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M3 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection

[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management

[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications

[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration

[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration

[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration

[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.10

[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.9

[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.3 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography

[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.3 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography

[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.3 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications

[31] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311

[32] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311

[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[55] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)

[56] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication

desc.structural.hcl.azure_terraform_misconfiguration_missing_sql_database_encryption.base