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Azure Terraform Misconfiguration: SQL Server Backup Missing Encryption

Abstract

Azure SQL VM 자동 백업이 백업을 암호화하도록 구성되어 있지 않습니다.

Explanation

데이터 백업 역시 원래 데이터만큼 철저하게 보호해야 하는 자산이지만 대부분의 경우에는 제대로 보호되지 않습니다.

하지만 백업을 암호화하지 않으면 공격자가 백업 데이터에 액세스하게 될 가능성이 있습니다.

기본적으로 Azure SQL 가상 머신 자동화된 백업 설정은 데이터 백업 암호화를 적용하지 않습니다.

예제 1: 다음 예제에는 백업 데이터 암호화를 적용하지 않는 Azure SQL 가상 머신 자동화된 백업 설정을 정의하는 Terraform 구성이 나와 있습니다.


resource "azurerm_mssql_virtual_machine" "aztf009-tn-03" {
  virtual_machine_id               = data.azurerm_virtual_machine.example.id
  ...
  auto_backup {
    retention_period_in_days = 1
    storage_blob_endpoint = ""
    storage_account_access_key = azurerm_storage_account.example.primary_access_key
  }
}

References

[1] HashiCorp azurerm_mssql_virtual_machine

[2] Microsoft Automated Backup v2 for Azure virtual machines (Resource Manager)

[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 311

[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000068, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422

[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC

[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection

[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AC-17 Remote Access (P1), SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1)

[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AC-17 Remote Access, SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity

[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration

[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)

[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M3 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection

[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management

[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications

[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection

[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration

[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration

[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.10

[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.9

[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.3 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.3 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography

[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.3 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications

[30] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311

[31] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311

[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-000260 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II

[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)

[55] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication

desc.structural.hcl.azure_terraform_misconfiguration_sql_server_backup_missing_encryption.base