계: Time and State

분산 컴퓨팅에서 중요한 것은 시간과 상태입니다. 즉, 둘 이상의 구성 요소가 통신하려면 상태를 공유해야 하며 시간이 걸립니다.

대부분의 프로그래머들은 자신들의 작업을 의인화합니다. 하나의 컨트롤 스레드로 마치 자신이 직접 작업한 것처럼 전체 프로그램을 수행할 수 있을 것으로 생각합니다. 하지만 최신 컴퓨터는 작업 간에 매우 빠르게 전환되므로 멀티코어, 멀티 CPU 또는 분산 시스템에서 두 이벤트가 정확히 동시에 발생할 수 있습니다. 프로그래머가 만든 프로그램 실행 모델과 실제 현실 간에 빠르게 결함이 생기기 마련입니다. 이러한 결함은 스레드, 프로세스, 시간 및 정보 간의 예기치 않은 상호작용과 관련이 있습니다. 이러한 상호 작용은 공유 상태를 통해 발생합니다. 세마포, 변수, 파일 시스템 그리고 정보를 저장할 수 있는 모든 것이 여기에 포함됩니다.

J2EE Bad Practices: Insufficient Session Expiration

Abstract
이 메서드는 만료되지 않는 세션을 설정합니다.
Explanation
세션을 더 오래 열어둘수록, 공격자가 사용자 계정을 손상시킬 수 있는 기회는 더 커집니다. 세션이 활성화 상태라면 공격자는 사용자의 암호를 무차별 대입하거나 사용자의 무선 암호화 키를 불법으로 복제하거나 열려 있는 브라우저에서 세션을 제멋대로 쓸 수도 있습니다. 또한 세션 초과 시간이 더 길어지면 메모리가 해제되지 못하도록 하여 결국 충분히 많은 세션이 만들어지는 경우 denial of service가 발생됩니다.

예제 1: 다음 예제의 코드는 최대 비활성 간격을 음수 값으로 설정하여 세션이 무기한으로 활성 상태를 유지하도록 합니다.

...
HttpSession sesssion = request.getSession(true);
sesssion.setMaxInactiveInterval(-1);
...
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 613
[2] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000879, CCI-002361, CCI-004190
[3] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 IA
[4] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AC-12 Session Termination (P2), MA-4 Nonlocal Maintenance (P2)
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AC-12 Session Termination, MA-4 Nonlocal Maintenance
[6] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.8.1 Single or Multi Factor One Time Verifier Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 2.8.6 Single or Multi Factor One Time Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.3.1 Session Logout and Timeout Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.3.2 Session Logout and Timeout Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.3.4 Session Logout and Timeout Requirements (L2 L3), 3.6.1 Re-authentication from a Federation or Assertion (L3), 3.6.2 Re-authentication from a Federation or Assertion (L3)
[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M9 Improper Session Handling
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M3 Insecure Authentication/Authorization
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A3 Broken Authentication and Session Management
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A7 Broken Authentication and Session Management
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A3 Broken Authentication and Session Management
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A2 Broken Authentication and Session Management
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A2 Broken Authentication
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A07 Identification and Authentication Failures
[15] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3, Requirement 8.5.15
[16] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 8.5.15
[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8, Requirement 8.5.15
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10, Requirement 8.1.8
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10, Requirement 8.1.8
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10, Requirement 8.1.8
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10, Requirement 8.1.8
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4, Requirement 8.2.8
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.3 - Authentication and Access Control
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.3 - Authentication and Access Control
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.3 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective C.2.1.2 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.2.3.2 - Web Software Access Controls
[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3415 CAT II
[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3415 CAT II
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3415 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3415 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3415 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3415 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3415 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Session Expiration (WASC-47)
[49] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Session Expiration
desc.structural.java.j2ee_bad_practices_insufficient_session_expiration