계: Security Features

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Kubernetes Misconfiguration: Static Authentication Token

YAML

Abstract

Kubernetes API 서버가 정적 토큰을 사용하여 요청을 인증합니다.

Explanation

Kubernetes API 서버는 전달자 토큰을 정적 토큰 파일에 보관된 목록과 비교하여 요청을 인증합니다. 토큰 파일은 기밀을 일반 텍스트로 저장하며 본질적으로 정적입니다. 정적 토큰 기반 인증은 무차별 대입 공격에 취약하며 잘못 구성된 환경에서 공격자에게 액세스 자격 증명을 유출할 수 있습니다. 토큰을 추가, 교체 또는 취소하려면 API 서버를 다시 시작해야 합니다.

예제 1: 다음 구성은 --token-auth-file 플래그를 사용하여 정적 토큰으로 요청을 인증하는 Kubernetes API 서버를 시작합니다.


...
spec:
  containers:
  - command:
    - kube-apiserver
    ...
    - --token-auth-file=<filename>
    ...

References

[1] Static Token File The Kubernetes Authors

[2] Standards Mapping - CIS Kubernetes Benchmark Recommendation 1.2.2

[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 552

[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001958

[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM

[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation

[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 IA-3 Device Identification and Authentication (P1), IA-8 Identification and Authentication (Non-Organizational Users) (P1)

[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 IA-3 Device Identification and Authentication, IA-8 Identification and Authentication (Non-Organizational Users)

[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration

[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 1.9.1 Communications Architectural Requirements (L2 L3), 2.2.5 General Authenticator Requirements (L3), 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.3.1 Sensitive Private Data (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3), 9.1.1 Communications Security Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 9.2.2 Server Communications Security Requirements (L2 L3), 14.4.5 HTTP Security Headers Requirements (L1 L2 L3)

[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication

[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management

[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A7 Broken Authentication and Session Management

[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration

[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration

[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration

[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.10

[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7

[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10

[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10

[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10

[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10

[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3260.1 CAT II

[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3260 CAT II

[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3260 CAT II

[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3260 CAT II

[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3260 CAT II

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3260 CAT II

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3260 CAT II

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-001650 CAT II

[51] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Server Misconfiguration (WASC-14)

desc.structural.yaml.kubernetes_misconfiguration_static_authentication_token.base