계: Input Validation and Representation

입력 검증 및 표현 문제는 메타 문자, 대체 인코딩 및 숫자 표현 때문에 발생합니다. 보안 문제는 입력을 신뢰하기 때문에 발생합니다. 문제로는 "Buffer Overflows", "Cross-Site Scripting" 공격, "SQL Injection", 그 외 여러 가지가 있습니다.

OGNL Expression Injection: Dynamic Method Invocation

Java/JSP

Abstract

이 Struts 2 응용 프로그램은 일부 Struts 2 버전에서 OGNL Injection 공격에 취약한 것으로 알려진 동적 메서드 호출을 활성화합니다.

Explanation

Struts 2는 "동적 메서드 호출"이라는 기능을 도입했는데 이 기능을 사용하면 Action에서 execute() 외의 메서드가 노출될 수 있습니다. "동적 메서드 호출"이 활성화된 경우 !(느낌표) 문자 또는 method: 접두사를 Action URL에 사용하여 Action의 모든 공개 메서드를 호출할 수 있습니다. Struts 2 버전 2.3.20에서는 이전에 리플렉션을 기반으로 한 대체 메서드 호출 메커니즘이 OGNL을 대신 사용하도록 바뀌었는데 공격자는 이를 통해 대체 메서드 이름 대신 악성 OGNL 식을 제공할 수 있습니다.

References

[1] Struts 2 Security Vulnerability - Dynamic Method Invocation

[2] Struts 2 - Dynamic Method Invocation Apache Struts

[3] Struts 2 - Security Bulletin S2-032 Apache Struts

[4] Struts 2 - Security Bulletin S2-033 Apache Struts

[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 94, CWE ID 95

[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [18] CWE ID 094

[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [17] CWE ID 094

[8] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [25] CWE ID 094

[9] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [23] CWE ID 094

[10] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [11] CWE ID 094

[11] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001764, CCI-001774, CCI-002754

[12] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI

[13] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data

[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 CM-7 Least Functionality (P1), SI-2 Flaw Remediation (P1), SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)

[15] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 CM-7 Least Functionality, SI-2 Flaw Remediation, SI-10 Information Input Validation

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.4 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3)

[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M1 Weak Server Side Controls

[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation

[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws

[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws

[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection

[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection

[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection

[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1

[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4

[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation

[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Risky Resource Management - CWE ID 094

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[60] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Improper Input Handling (WASC-20)

desc.config.java.ognl_expression_injection_dynamic_method_invocation