계: Security Features

소프트웨어 보안은 보안 소프트웨어가 아닙니다. 여기서는 인증, 액세스 제어, 기밀성, 암호화, 권한 관리 등의 항목에 대해 설명합니다.

Privacy Violation: Android Insecure Indexing

Java/JSP

Abstract

비공개 문서나 중요한 문서의 검색 인덱스가 생성되므로 사용자의 개인 정보가 손상될 수 있습니다.

Explanation

안전하지 않은 방식으로 인덱스가 생성되면 전체 텍스트를 효율적으로 검색할 수 있도록 인덱싱을 지원하는 웹 사이트와 모바일 응용 프로그램의 데이터 기밀성이 보장되지 않습니다. Android 검색 엔진이 인덱싱하는 문서에 개인 데이터나 기밀 데이터를 포함하면 해당 데이터의 유무와 내용 관련 정보가 누출될 수 있습니다. 인덱싱 과정에서는 정보가 수집 및 저장됩니다. 공격자는 대개 Android 모바일 장치의 검색 기능을 대상으로 일련의 쿼리를 실행하여 나중에 이 정보를 검색할 수 있습니다.

데이터 인덱싱을 수행하는 기능의 대표적인 예가 Android 장치에서 제공되는 고성능 검색 솔루션인 AppSearch 라이브러리입니다. 구체적으로는 특정 응용 프로그램이 장치에서 시스템 전체의 중앙 인덱스를 생성하는 경우를 예로 들 수 있는데, 이러한 방식을 플랫폼 저장소라고도 합니다. 중앙 인덱스 내에서는 응용 프로그램이 제공한 데이터, 그리고 다른 응용 프로그램이 적절한 권한을 부여하는 방식을 통해 명시적으로 공유한 데이터에만 액세스할 수 있습니다. 이 프로세스를 사용하여 특정 기밀 문서를 실수로/잘못 인덱싱하는 경우 이 문서의 검색이 가능해지므로 Privacy Violation이 발생할 수 있습니다.

예제 1: 다음 코드는 Android에서 AppSearch 라이브러리를 사용하여 비공개 문서를 인덱싱하는 방식의 예를 보여 줍니다. 이 문서에 포함되어 있는 개인 데이터는 인덱싱 프로세스에 포함되지 않도록 숨겨야 하며, AppSearch 코드가 액세스할 수 없도록 해야 합니다.



...
// Document object to index
val doc = Doc(
    namespace="user1",
    id="noteId",
    score=10,
    text="This document contains private data"
)
// Adding document object to AppSearch index
val putRequest = PutDocumentsRequest.Builder().addDocuments(doc).build()

References

[1] L. Gong, G. Ellison, and M. Dageforde Inside Java 2 Platform Security: Architecture, API Design, and Implementation, 2nd ed. Addison-Wesley

[2] M. S. Ware Writing secure Java code: taxonomy of heuristics and an evaluation of static analysis tools

[3] CONFIDENTIAL-3: Consider purging highly sensitive from memory after use Oracle

[4] The Insecure Indexing Vulnerability: Attacks Against Local Search Engines Web Application Security Consortium

[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 359

[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [4] CWE ID 200

[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [7] CWE ID 200

[8] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [20] CWE ID 200

[9] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [17] CWE ID 200

[10] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000196, CCI-001312, CCI-001314, CCI-002475

[11] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Privacy Violation

[12] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AC-4 Information Flow Enforcement (P1), IA-5 Authenticator Management (P1), SC-28 Protection of Information at Rest (P1), SI-11 Error Handling (P2)

[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AC-4 Information Flow Enforcement, IA-5 Authenticator Management, SC-28 Protection of Information at Rest, SI-11 Error Handling

[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 8.2.2 Client-side Data Protection (L1 L2 L3), 8.3.4 Sensitive Private Data (L1 L2 L3), 10.2.1 Malicious Code Search (L2 L3)

[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M2 Insecure Data Storage

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M6 Inadequate Privacy Controls

[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-STORAGE-2

[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A8 Insecure Storage

[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A6 Information Leakage and Improper Error Handling

[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure

[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure

[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A02 Cryptographic Failures

[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 8.4

[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 6.5.6, Requirement 8.4

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 6.5.5, Requirement 8.4

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 8.2.1

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 8.2.1

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 8.2.1

[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 8.2.1

[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 3.3.1, Requirement 3.5.1, Requirement 4.2.2, Requirement 8.3.1

[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 3.3.1, Requirement 3.3.2, Requirement 3.3.3, Requirement 3.5.1, Requirement 4.2.2, Requirement 8.3.1

[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 3.3 - Sensitive Data Retention, Control Objective 6.1 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography

[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 3.3 - Sensitive Data Retention, Control Objective 6.1 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography

[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 3.3 - Sensitive Data Retention, Control Objective 6.1 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography

[35] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311

[36] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3310 CAT I, APP3340 CAT I

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II, APSC-DV-002570 CAT II, APSC-DV-002580 CAT II

[59] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Information Leakage (WASC-13)

[60] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Information Leakage

desc.dataflow.java.privacy_violation_android_insecure_indexing