Reino: Input Validation and Representation

Problemas de validação e representação da entrada são causados por metacaracteres, codificações alternativas e representações numéricas. Confiar na entrada resulta em problemas de segurança. Os problemas incluem: “Buffer Overflows”, ataques de “Cross-Site Scripting”, “SQL Injection”, entre outros.

Cross-Site Scripting: Handlebars Helper

Abstract
O envio de dados não validados para um navegador web pode causar a execução de códigos mal-intencionados.
Explanation
Vulnerabilidades de XSS (criação de script entre sites) ocorrem quando:

1. Dados entram em um aplicativo Web por meio de uma fonte não confiável. Usando Handlebars, você pode criar auxiliares personalizados que podem ser usados para modificar modelos.


2. Os dados são incluídos no conteúdo dinâmico enviado a um modelo antes de ser renderizado sem validação. No caso de um auxiliar Handlebars, o conteúdo mal-intencionado é renderizado como a saída do modelo.

O conteúdo mal-intencionado em um auxiliar Handlebards assume a forma de um segmento de JavaScript ou outro tipo de código que o navegador possa executar. Como a saída de um modelo Handlebars normalmente é conteúdo HTML a ser passado para o navegador, qualquer conteúdo potencialmente mal-intencionado deve ser tratado como não seguro e validado.

Exemplo 1: Considere o seguinte código auxiliar do Handlebars:


Handlebars.registerHelper('bolden', function (aString) {
return new Handlebars.SafeString("" + aString + "")
})
// ...
let template = Handlebars.compile('{{bolden someArgument}}')
myElem.innerHTML = template({someArgument: userInput})


O auxiliar bolden recebe os dados controlados pelo usuário userInput. Embora o uso de chaves duplas ({{ e }}) normalmente signifique que a saída será codificada em HTML, nesse cenário, o auxiliar bolden substitui qualquer validação passando a entrada para new Handlebars.SafeString(), fazendo com que a entrada seja renderizada como HTML normal. Quando o HTML retorna de template() ele é passado para a propriedade innerHTML levando a um XSS baseado em DOM.
References
[1] Understanding Malicious Content Mitigation for Web Developers CERT
[2] HTML 4.01 Specification W3
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 79, CWE ID 80
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [2] CWE ID 079
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [1] CWE ID 079
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [2] CWE ID 079
[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [2] CWE ID 079
[8] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [2] CWE ID 079
[9] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [1] CWE ID 079
[10] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[11] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[12] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.3.3 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A4 Cross Site Scripting
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A1 Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A2 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A3 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A7 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.4
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.1
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.7
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.7
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.7
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.7
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 079
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 079
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 079
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Cross-Site Scripting (WASC-08)
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Cross-Site Scripting
desc.dataflow.javascript.cross_site_scripting_handlebars_helper