界: Security Features

软件安全不是安全软件。此处我们关注的主题包括身份验证、Access Control、机密性、加密和权限管理。

Cross-Client Data Access

ABAP

Abstract

程序可能允许未经授权的用户从 SAP 系统的另一个客户端访问数据。

Explanation

SAP 系统中的应用程序数据基于客户端进行分离（客户端分离），所有 Open SQL 语句自动访问/修改属于登录客户端的数据（客户端处理）。这就使得企业内分属不同业务单位或组织的数据可以在逻辑上分离。但是，在 ABAP 程序中，通过使用以下各项，可以绕过客户端分离和客户端处理机制：

1. Native SQL 语句或
2. 带 CLIENT SPECIFIED 添加的 Open SQL 语句或
3. ADBC (ABAP Database Connectivity) API 或
4. 可从其他客户端访问客户端特定数据的其他 API

SAP 不检查用户是否获授权从指定客户端访问数据。这会带来安全风险，未经授权的用户可以从不同的客户端查看或修改数据。

例 1：以下代码使用 Open SQL 获取员工详细信息。


...
PARAMETERS: p_input TYPE sy-mandt.

SELECT *
  FROM employee_records
  CLIENT SPECIFIED
  INTO TABLE tab_output
  WHERE mandt = p_input.
...

在这种情况下，运行该代码的未经授权的用户将能够从登录客户端 SY-MANDT 以外的客户端查看员工详细信息。

References

[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 285

[2] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000213, CCI-002165

[3] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 AC

[4] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation

[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AC-3 Access Enforcement (P1)

[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AC-3 Access Enforcement

[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API1 Broken Object Level Authorization

[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.5 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3)

[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M5 Poor Authorization and Authentication

[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M3 Insecure Authentication/Authorization

[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A2 Broken Access Control

[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A10 Failure to Restrict URL Access

[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A8 Failure to Restrict URL Access

[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A7 Missing Function Level Access Control

[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A5 Broken Access Control

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A01 Broken Access Control

[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.2

[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.4

[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8

[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8

[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8

[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8

[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8

[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls

[29] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 285

[30] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 285

[31] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Porous Defenses - CWE ID 862

[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I

[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authorization (WASC-02)

[55] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authorization

desc.structural.abap.cross_client_data_access