界: Input Validation and Representation

输入验证与表示问题是由元字符、交替编码和数字表示引起的。安全问题源于信任输入。这些问题包括：“Buffer Overflows”、“Cross-Site Scripting”攻击、“SQL Injection”等其他问题。

Denial of Service: StringBuilder

Java/JSP
Kotlin

Abstract

将不受信任的数据附加到使用默认支持数组大小进行初始化的 StringBuilder 或 StringBuffer 实例会导致 JVM 过度使用堆内存空间。

Explanation

将用户控制的数据附加到使用默认支持字符数组大小 (16) 进行初始化的 StringBuilder 或 StringBuffer 实例，会导致应用程序在调整基础数组的大小以适应用户数据时占用大量堆内存。将数据附加到 StringBuilder 或 StringBuffer 实例上时，实例将确定支持字符数组是否有足够的可用空间来存储数据。如果数据不合适，StringBuilder 或 StringBuffer 实例将会创建新的数组，其容量至少为以前数组大小的两倍，而旧数组在进行回收之前，将继续留在堆中。攻击者可以利用此实现详细信息执行 Denial of Service (DoS) 攻击。

示例 1：用户控制的数据附加到使用默认构造函数进行初始化的 StringBuilder 实例。


    ...
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    final String lineSeparator = System.lineSeparator();
    String[] labels = request.getParameterValues("label");
    for (String label : labels) {
        sb.append(label).append(lineSeparator);
    }
    ...

References

[1] DOS-1: Beware of activities that may use disproportionate resources Oracle

[2] MSC05-J. Do not exhaust heap space CERT

[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001094, CCI-001310

[4] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection (P1), SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)

[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection, SI-10 Information Input Validation

[6] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API4 Unrestricted Resource Consumption

[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation

[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4

[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A9 Application Denial of Service

[10] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[11] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[12] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[13] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.6

[14] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.6

[15] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.6

[16] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4

[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation

[21] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Risky Resource Management - CWE ID 754

[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I

[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I

[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I

[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I

[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I

[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP6080 CAT II

[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP6080 CAT II

[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II

[44] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Denial of Service (WASC-10)

desc.dataflow.java.denial_of_service_stringbuilder

Abstract

将不受信任的数据附加到使用默认支持数组大小进行初始化的 StringBuilder 或 StringBuffer 实例会导致 JVM 过度使用堆内存空间。

Explanation


    ...
    val sb = StringBuilder()
    val labels = request.getParameterValues("label")
    for (label in labels) {
        sb.appendln(label)
    }
    ...