GCP Terraform Misconfiguration: BigQuery Missing Customer-Managed Encryption Key

Abstract

Terraform 配置没有为静态数据指定任何客户管理的加密密钥。

Explanation

未对静态数据启用客户管理的加密密钥 (CMEK)。

默认情况下，Google Cloud 使用随机生成的数据加密密钥 (DEK) 来加密静态数据。CMEK 功能允许组织使用他们选择的加密密钥来加密 DEK。这使组织可以更好地控制和记录加密过程。

因此，CMEK 通常是满足以下要求的解决方案的一部分，包括但不限于：
- 敏感数据访问的审核日志
- 数据驻留
- 更换、禁用或销毁密钥
- 防篡改硬件安全模块

References

[1] Google Cloud Customer-managed encryption keys (CMEK)

[2] Standards Mapping - CIS Google Cloud Computing Platform Benchmark Recommendation 7.2, Recommendation 7.3

[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 311

[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001350, CCI-002475

[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 MP

[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection

[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AU-9 Protection of Audit Information (P1), SC-28 Protection of Information at Rest (P1)

[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AU-9 Protection of Audit Information, SC-28 Protection of Information at Rest

[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration

[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)

[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure

[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A02 Cryptographic Failures

[13] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.3

[14] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4, Requirement 3.5.1

[15] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography

[16] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography

[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 7.2 - Use of Cryptography

[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II

[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II

[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II

[21] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II

[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-001350 CAT II, APSC-DV-002340 CAT II

desc.structural.hcl.iac.gcp_bad_practices_missing_customer_managed_encryption_key.base