界: Input Validation and Representation

输入验证与表示问题是由元字符、交替编码和数字表示引起的。安全问题源于信任输入。这些问题包括：“Buffer Overflows”、“Cross-Site Scripting”攻击、“SQL Injection”等其他问题。

Link Injection: Auto Dial

Objective-C
Swift

Abstract

该方法将页面加载到了 webview 中，但未实现任何控制措施来防止在访问恶意站点时发生自动拨号攻击。

Explanation

除非页面内容完全在您的控制之下，否则用户将能够单击可能由恶意攻击者使用的链接来自动拨打电话或发起 FaceTime 呼叫。

例如，您的应用程序可能会显示一篇博客文章或一条微博，这些内容中都可能包含链接。用户访问的该文章或微博的作者可以在其页面上使用任意链接。如果用户访问了恶意站点，并且受欺骗或被动地单击了链接，攻击者便有可能自动发起 FaceTime 呼叫或自动拨打电话，并阻止设备在数秒内执行任何操作以防止用户取消呼叫。请注意，即便登录页在您的控制之下，用户最终依然可能会导航到不同并且不可信的站点。

示例 1：以下代码片段使用 webview 加载可能包含不可信链接的站点，但未指定能够对此 webview 中启动的请求进行验证的代理：


    ...
    NSURL *webUrl = [[NSURL alloc] initWithString:@"https://some.site.com/"];
    NSURLRequest *webRequest = [[NSURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:webUrl];
    [_webView loadRequest:webRequest];
    ...

References

[1] Collin Mulliner iOS WebView auto dialer bug

[2] Apple UIWebViewDelegate

[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 501

[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001084, CCI-002754

[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI

[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data

[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-3 Security Function Isolation (P1), SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)

[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-3 Security Function Isolation, SI-10 Information Input Validation

[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M8 Security Decisions Via Untrusted Inputs

[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation

[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4, MASVS-PLATFORM-1, MASVS-PLATFORM-2

[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input

[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A04 Insecure Design

[14] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[15] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1

[16] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation

[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I

[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I

[21] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I

[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I

[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I

[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I

[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I

[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[41] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Improper Input Handling (WASC-20)

desc.dataflow.objc.link_injection_auto_dial

Abstract

该方法将页面加载到了 webview 中，但未实现任何控制措施来防止在访问恶意站点时发生自动拨号攻击。

Explanation


    ...
    let webUrl : NSURL = NSURL(string: "https://some.site.com/")!
    let webRequest : NSURLRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: webUrl)
    webView.loadRequest(webRequest)
    ...