界: Time and State
分布式计算是关于时间和状态的。也就是说,为了让多个组件相互通信,必须共享状态,所有这些都需要时间。
大多数程序员都会将其工作拟人化。他们会让一个控制线程以同样的方式(他们必须自己完成工作时采取的方式)执行整个程序。然而,现代计算机不同任务之间切换得非常快,在多核、多 CPU 或分布式系统中,两个事件可能完全同时发生。程序员预期的程序执行过程与实际情况之间存在差距,即存在缺陷。这些缺陷与线程、流程、时间和信息之间的意外交互有关。这些交互是通过共享状态发生的:信号量、变量、文件系统,以及总而言之,可以存储信息的任何内容。
Race Condition: Static Database Connection
Abstract
存储在静态字段中的数据库连接会被不同的线程共享。
Explanation
对于与事务相关联的资源对象(比如数据库连接),一次只能与一个事务相关联。出于这个原因,一个连接不应该被多个线程共享,并且不应该存储在静态字段中。要获取更多详细信息,请参见 J2EE 规范中的第 4.2.3 节。
例 1:
例 1:
public class ConnectionManager {
private static Connection conn = initDbConn();
...
}
References
[1] Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition Specification, v1.4 Sun Microsystems
[2] Standards Mapping - CIS Azure Kubernetes Service Benchmark 1.0
[3] Standards Mapping - CIS Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service Benchmark 3.1
[4] Standards Mapping - CIS Amazon Web Services Foundations Benchmark 1
[5] Standards Mapping - CIS Google Kubernetes Engine Benchmark confidentiality
[6] Standards Mapping - CIS Kubernetes Benchmark partial
[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 362, CWE ID 567
[8] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [22] CWE ID 362
[9] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [21] CWE ID 362
[10] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001090, CCI-003178
[11] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[12] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 CM-6 Configuration Settings (P1), SC-4 Information in Shared Resources (P1)
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 CM-6 Configuration Settings, SC-4 Information in Shared System Resources
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A04 Insecure Design
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 1.11.2 Business Logic Architectural Requirements (L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.6
[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.6
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.3 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.3 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[24] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 362
[25] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 362
[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3630.1 CAT II
[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3630.1 CAT II
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3630.1 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3630.1 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3630.1 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3630.1 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3630.1 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-001995 CAT II, APSC-DV-002380 CAT II
desc.structural.java.race.dbconn