界: Encapsulation

封装即绘制强边界。在 Web 浏览器中，这可能意味着确保您的移动代码不会被其他移动代码滥用。在服务器上，这可能意味着区分已验证数据和未验证数据、区分一个用户的数据和另一个用户的数据，或者区分允许用户查看的数据和不允许用户查看的数据。

Unsafe Mobile Code: Unsafe Array Declaration

Java/JSP

Abstract

该程序违反了移动代码的安全编码原则，它声明了数组 public、final 和 static。

Explanation

在大多数情况下，把数组声明为 public、final 和 static 是一个 bug。因为数组是一个可变的对象，而 final 限制要求数组对象本身只能分配一次，但并不保证数组元素的数值不变。既然数组是公用的，恶意程序便可以篡改数组中存储的值。所以，在大多数情况下，应将数组设置为 private。

例 1：以下 Java Applet 代码错误地把一个数组声明为 public、final 和 static。


public final class urlTool extends Applet {
public final static URL[] urls;
	...
}

移动代码，在本例中也就是 Java Applet，通过网络进行传递并在远程机器上运行。因为移动代码的编写者很难控制其所编写代码的运行环境，所以在安全上提出特别的要求理所当然。一个最大的环境威胁在于，移动代码可以伴随其他潜在的恶意移动代码一起运行。因为所有的主流 web 浏览器会在同一 JVM 中执行来自多个来源的代码，所以，许多移动代码的安全指导原则都很关注可以访问到运行着您程序的同一虚拟机的攻击者，避免他们操纵您的对象的状态和行为。

References

[1] G. McGraw Securing Java. Chapter 7: Java Security Guidelines

[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 582

[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000213, CCI-002165

[4] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AC-3 Access Enforcement (P1)

[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AC-3 Access Enforcement

[6] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.8

[7] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.8

[8] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.8

[9] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.8

[10] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[11] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4

[12] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control

[13] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control

[14] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 5.4 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective C.2.3 - Web Software Access Controls

[15] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[16] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[17] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[21] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-000460 CAT I, APSC-DV-000470 CAT II

[30] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authorization (WASC-02)

desc.structural.java.unsafe_mobile_code_unsafe_array_declaration