537 个项目已找到
弱点
Abstract
变量被错误分配了零值。
Explanation
此字段被标注为 FortifyNonZero,表示不允许使用零值。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 20
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [4] CWE ID 020
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [4] CWE ID 020
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [6] CWE ID 020
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [12] CWE ID 020
[6] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.1.3 Input Validation Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.1.4 Input Validation Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[7] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 020
desc.structural.java.erroneous_zero_value_field
Abstract
静态方法不能被覆盖,但在作为实例方法调用时可能看起来是隐藏的。
Explanation
静态方法无法根据定义进行覆盖,因为它们属于类,而非类的实例。但是,某些情况下,静态方法看似已在子类中被覆盖,这样会产生混淆并导致调用错误版本的方法。

示例 1:以下示例尝试定义 API 以对用户进行身份验证。


class AccessLevel{
public static final int ROOT = 0;
//...
public static final int NONE = 9;
}
//...
class User {
private static int access;
public User(){
access = AccessLevel.ROOT;
}
public static int getAccessLevel(){
return access;
}
//...
}
class RegularUser extends User {
private static int access;
public RegularUser(){
access = AccessLevel.NONE;
}
public static int getAccessLevel(){
return access;
}
public static void escalatePrivilege(){
access = AccessLevel.ROOT;
}
//...
}
//...
class SecureArea {
//...
public static void doRestrictedOperation(User user){
if (user instanceof RegularUser){
if (user.getAccessLevel() == AccessLevel.ROOT){
System.out.println("doing a privileged operation");
}else{
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
}
}


此代码看上去还是比较合规。但是,由于我们是针对 user 实例,而非 UserRegularUser 类来调用 getAccessLevel() 方法,这意味着此条件下将始终返回 true 且会执行该限制操作,即使使用了 instanceof 以便进入 if/else 块的此部分也是如此。
References
[1] MET07-J. Never declare a class method that hides a method declared in a superclass or superinterface CERT
[2] Java Language Specification Chapter 8. Classes Oracle
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 486
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_hidden_method
Abstract
在序列化方法上使用错误的方法签名可能导致永远不会调用该方法。
Explanation
代码正确性:当可序列化的类创建序列化或反序列化函数但未采用正确的签名时,会发生“可序列化的方法签名不正确”的问题:


private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException;
private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException;
private void readObjectNoData() throws ObjectStreamException;


未使用序列化所要求的方法签名会导致在序列化/反序列化过程中永远不会调用该方法,这意味着将无法完成序列化/反序列化,或意味着不可信赖的代码可以获取对象的访问权限。
如果存在未抛出的异常,则可能意味着序列化/反序列化将失败并使应用程序崩溃,甚或可能悄然失败,以致构造的对象只是部分正确,从而导致出现极难调试的缺陷。调用程序应捕获这些异常,以便可以正确地处理错误的序列化/反序列化,而不会出现崩溃或部分构造的对象。
References
[1] SER01-J. Do not deviate from the proper signatures of serialization methods CERT
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_incorrect_serializable_method_signature
Abstract
要正确使用 serialPersistentFields,必须将其声明为 privatestaticfinal
Explanation
Java 对象序列化规范 (Java Object Serialization Specification) 允许开发人员通过在 serialPersistentFields 数组中指定类的可序列化的字段来手动定义这些字段。仅当 serialPersistentFields 被声明为 privatestaticfinal 时,此功能才能运行。

示例 1:以下 serialPersistentFields 的声明将不会用来定义 Serializable 字段,因为它不是 privatestaticfinal

class List implements Serializable {
public ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields = { new ObjectStreamField("myField", List.class) };
...
}
References
[1] Sun Microsystems, Inc. Java Sun Tutorial
[2] SERIAL-2: Guard sensitive data during serialization Oracle
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 485
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_incorrect_serialpersistentfields_modifier
Abstract
程序会调用数组上的 Object.equals(),而非 java.util.Arrays.equals().
Explanation
由于调用数组上的 Object.equals() 会检查数组地址是否相同而非检查数组元素是否相同,因此在大多数情况下这是一个错误调用,通常应将该代码替换为 java.util.Arrays.equals()

示例 1:以下示例尝试使用 Object.equals() 函数检查两个数组。


...
int[] arr1 = new int[10];
int[] arr2 = new int[10];
...
if (arr1.equals(arr2)){
//treat arrays as if identical elements
}
...


除非在某个点将一个数组分配至另一个数组,否则可能会始终生成一个从未执行的代码。
References
[1] EXP02-J. Do not use the Object.equals() method to compare two arrays CERT
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398, CWE ID 754
[3] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 11.1.7 Business Logic Security Requirements (L2 L3)
[4] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Risky Resource Management - CWE ID 754
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_call_to_object_equals
Abstract
这看上去好像能替代通用的 .NET 方法,但实际上达不到预想的效果。
Explanation
该方法的名称与通用的 .NET 方法相似,但它要么存在拼写错误,要么是参数列表导致其无法替代预期的方法。

例 1:以下方法的目的是重写 System.Object.Equals()


public boolean Equals(string obj) {
...
}


但是,由于 System.Object.Equals() 采用 object 类型的参数,因此永远不会调用该方法。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.structural.dotnet.code_correctness_misleading_method_signature
Abstract
这看上去好像能替代通用的 Java 方法,但实际上并不能达到预想的效果。
Explanation
尽管该方法的名称与通用的 Java 方法相似,但它要么存在拼写错误,要么是参数列表导致其无法替代预期的方法。

例 1:以下方法的目的是重写 Object.equals()


public boolean equals(Object obj1, Object obj2) {
...
}


但是,由于 Object.equals() 只需要一个参数,因此永远不会调用Example 1 中的方法。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_misleading_method_signature
Abstract
提交 servlet 的输出流之后,重置流缓冲区或执行重新提交该数据流的其他任何操作都是错误的做法。与之类似,在调用 getOutputStream 之后调用 getWriter() 也是错误的做法,反之亦然。
Explanation
转发 HttpServletRequest、重定向 HttpServletResponse 或者刷新 servlet 的输出流缓冲区会导致提交相关的数据流。后续执行的任何缓冲区重置或数据流提交操作,例如额外的刷新或重定向,将会导致出现 IllegalStateException

此外,Java servlets 允许使用 ServletOutputStreamPrintWriter(但不能同时使用)将数据写入响应数据流。调用 getOutputStream() 之后调用 getWriter() 或者反向调用,也会导致出现 IllegalStateException



在运行时,IllegalStateException 会阻止响应处理程序完成运行,轻易地使其中断响应。这会导致服务器不稳定,也间接表明 servlet 实现不正确。

例 1:以下代码会在 servlet 的输出流缓冲区刷新之后重定向其响应。

public class RedirectServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
...
OutputStream out = res.getOutputStream();
...
// flushes, and thereby commits, the output stream
out.flush();
out.close(); // redirecting the response causes an IllegalStateException
res.sendRedirect("http://www.acme.com");
}
}
例 2:相反,以下代码在请求转发之后会尝试写入并刷新 PrintWriter 的缓冲区。

public class FlushServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
...
// forwards the request, implicitly committing the stream
getServletConfig().getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/jsp/boom.jsp").forward(req, res);
...

// IllegalStateException; cannot redirect after forwarding
res.sendRedirect("http://www.acme.com/jsp/boomboom.jsp");

PrintWriter out = res.getWriter();

// writing to an already-committed stream will not cause an exception,
// but will not apply these changes to the final output, either
out.print("Writing here does nothing");

// IllegalStateException; cannot flush a response's buffer after forwarding the request
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}
References
[1] IllegalStateException in a Servlet - when & why do we get?
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001094
[4] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection (P1)
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection
[6] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[7] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[8] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[9] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[10] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[11] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[12] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[13] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[14] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[15] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[16] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[17] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[18] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II
desc.controlflow.java.code_correctness_multiple_stream_commits
Abstract
Content-Length 头文件设为负值。
Explanation
在大多数情况下,设置 Content-Length 请求标题表示开发者对
发送给服务器的 POST 数据长度感兴趣。但是,此标题应为 0
正整数。

示例 1:以下代码将设置不正确的 Content-Length

URL url = new URL("http://www.example.com");
HttpURLConnection huc = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
huc.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", "-1000");
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
[2] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.6
[3] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[4] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.6
[5] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.6
desc.structural.java.api_abuse_code_correctness_negative_content_length
Abstract
Content-Length 头文件设为负值。
Explanation
在大多数情况下,设置 Content-Length 请求标题表示开发者对
发送给服务器的 POST 数据长度感兴趣。但是,此标题应为 0
正整数。

示例 1:以下代码错误地将 Content-Length 头文件设置为负值:

xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Length", "-1000");
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
[2] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.6
[3] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[4] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.6
[5] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.6
desc.structural.javascript.api_abuse_code_correctness_negative_content_length
Abstract
实施 java.io.Serializable 的内部类可能会导致问题以及泄露外部类中的信息。
Explanation
对内部类进行序列化会导致对外部类也执行序列化,因此,如果外部类是不可序列化的,则可能会造成信息泄露或出现运行时错误。此外,由于 Java 编译器创建了合成字段以便实施内部类,因此对内部类执行序列化会导致出现平台依赖,但是依据不同的实施方法和不同的编译器,出现的情况也会有所不同。

示例 1:以下代码允许对内部类执行序列化。


...
class User implements Serializable {
private int accessLevel;
class Registrator implements Serializable {
...
}
}



Example 1 中,对内部类 Registrator 执行序列化后,也会对外部类 UseraccessLevel 字段执行序列化。
References
[1] SER05-J. Do not serialize instances of inner classes CERT
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_non_static_inner_class_implements_serializable
Abstract
不应使用非同步方法覆盖同步方法。
Explanation
父类声明方法 synchronized,以保证当多个线程访问相同实例时的正确行为。应将所有重写方法声明为 synchronized,否则可能会发生意外行为。

例 1:在下列代码中,类 Foo 覆盖类 Bar,但未将方法 synchronizedMethod 声明为 synchronized


public class Bar {
public synchronized void synchronizedMethod() {
for (int i=0; i<10; i++) System.out.print(i);
System.out.println();
}
}

public class Foo extends Bar {
public void synchronizedMethod() {
for (int i=0; i<10; i++) System.out.print(i);
System.out.println();
}
}


这种情况下,Foo 实例会被转换为 Bar 类型。如果将相同的实例交给两个独立线程,并重复执行 synchronizedMethod,则行为将不可预知。
References
[1] Sun Microsystems, Inc. Bug ID: 4294756 Javac should warn if synchronized method is overridden with a non synchronized
[2] TSM00-J. Do not override thread-safe methods with methods that are not thread-safe CERT
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_non_synchronized_method_overrides
Abstract
表达式 obj.Equals(null) 将始终为 false。
Explanation
程序会使用 Equals() 方法将一个对象与 null 作比较。Equals() 方法的约定要求这一比较过程始终返回 false。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398, CWE ID 754
[2] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 11.1.7 Business Logic Security Requirements (L2 L3)
[3] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Risky Resource Management - CWE ID 754
desc.structural.dotnet.code_correctness_null_argument_to_equivalence_method
Abstract
表达式 obj.equals(null) 将总是 false。
Explanation
程序会使用 equals() 方法将一个对象与 null 进行比较。这种比较将始终返回 false,因为该对象并不是 null。(如果对象为 null,则程序将抛出 NullPointerException 异常)。
References
[1] JavaDoc for Object Sun Microsystems
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398, CWE ID 754
[3] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 11.1.7 Business Logic Security Requirements (L2 L3)
[4] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Risky Resource Management - CWE ID 754
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_null_argument_to_equivalence_method
Abstract
类中的 readObject() 方法会调用可能被覆盖的函数。
Explanation
在反序列化过程中,由于 readObject() 充当构造函数,因此到此函数终止时,对象初始化才会完成。因此,如果 Serializable 类的 readObject() 函数调用了可覆盖的函数,则在对象尚未完成初始化之前,可能会提供对象状态的覆盖方法访问权限。

示例 1:以下 readObject() 函数调用了可覆盖的方法。


...
private void readObject(final ObjectInputStream ois) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
checkStream(ois);
ois.defaultReadObject();
}

public void checkStream(ObjectInputStream stream){
...
}


如果函数 checkStream() 和其封装类并非 final 和公共字段,则意味着该函数是可覆盖的,这意味着攻击者可以覆盖 checkStream() 函数,以便在反序列化过程中访问对象。
References
[1] SER09-J. Do not invoke overridable methods from the readObject() method CERT
[2] EXTEND-5: Limit the extensibility of classes and methods Oracle
[3] SERIAL-3: View deserialization the same as object construction Oracle
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_readobject_invokes_overridable_function
Abstract
程序能够在数据结构中创建循环链接,当递归处理数据结构时,该循环链接可能导致堆栈耗尽。
Explanation
使用递归是创建和管理链接数据结构的主要方式。如果数据包含循环链接,则递归也存在无限期处理的风险,这反过来会耗尽堆栈并使程序崩溃。

示例 1:以下代码片段使用 Apache Log4j2 演示了此漏洞。

Marker child = MarkerManager.getMarker("child");
Marker parent = MarkerManager.getMarker("parent");

child.addParents(parent);
parent.addParents(child);

String toInfinity = child.toString();


当 child 调用包含递归处理方法的 toString() 时,会触发堆栈溢出异常(堆栈耗尽)。此异常是由于 child 和 parent 之间存在循环链接而导致的。
References
[1] DOS-1: Beware of activities that may use disproportionate resources Oracle
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 674
[3] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective C.3.3 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
desc.controlflow.java.code_correctness_stack_exhaustion
Abstract
将浮点值与 String 对象进行对比非常不可靠,不应该这样做。
Explanation
如果要将浮点值与 String 对象进行比较,则必须先将该值更改为 String 对象,通常是通过如 Double.toString() 等函数来实现。在将浮点变量转换为 String 对象后,其可能为 "NaN"、"Infinity" 或 "-Infinity",或者带有几位小数点(其中包含 0),或者可能包含指数字段,具体取决于浮点变量的类型和数值。如果转换为十六进制字符串,则其形式也会有很大差异。

示例 1:以下示例将浮点值与 String 进行了比较。


...
int initialNum = 1;
...
String resultString = Double.valueOf(initialNum/10000.0).toString();
if (s.equals("0.0001")){
//do something
...
}
...
References
[1] NUM11-J. Do not compare or inspect the string representation of floating-point values CERT
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.dataflow.java.code_correctness_string_comparison_of_float
Abstract
ToString() 在数组上被调用。
Explanation
大多数情况下,在数组上调用 ToString() 表示开发者希望将数组内容作为字符串返回。然而,在数组上直接调用 ToString() 将返回一个字符串值,它包含该数组的类型。

示例 1:以下代码将输出 System.String[]

String[] stringArray = { "element 1", "element 2", "element 3", "element 4" };
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(stringArray.ToString());
References
[1] Class Arrays Microsoft
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.structural.dotnet.code_correctness_tostring_on_array
Abstract
toString() 在数组上被调用。
Explanation
大多数情况下,在数组上调用 toString() 表示开发者希望将数组内容作为字符串返回。然而,在数组上直接调用 toString() 将返回一个字符串值,它包含内存中该数组的类型和哈希码。
例 1:以下代码将输出 [Ljava.lang.String;@1232121

String[] strList = new String[5];
...
System.out.println(strList);
References
[1] Class Arrays Sun Microsystems
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 398
desc.structural.java.code_correctness_tostring_on_array
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

例 1:下面这段来自系统实用程序的代码根据注册表项 APPHOME 来决定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径执行初始化脚本。


...
CALL FUNCTION 'REGISTRY_GET'
EXPORTING
KEY = 'APPHOME'
IMPORTING
VALUE = home.

CONCATENATE home INITCMD INTO cmd.
CALL 'SYSTEM' ID 'COMMAND' FIELD cmd ID 'TAB' FIELD TABL[].
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改注册表项 APPHOME 以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从注册表中读取的值,因此如果攻击者能够控制注册表项 APPHOME 的值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。

例 2:下面的代码来自一个管理 Web 应用程序,旨在使用户能够使用一个围绕 rman 实用程序的批处理文件封装器来启动 Oracle 数据库备份,然后运行一个 cleanup.bat 脚本来删除一些临时文件。脚本 rmanDB.bat 接受单个命令行参数,该参数指定了要执行的备份类型。由于访问数据库受限,所以应用程序执行备份需要具有较高权限的用户。


...
btype = request->get_form_field( 'backuptype' )
CONCATENATE `/K 'c:\\util\\rmanDB.bat ` btype `&&c:\\util\\cleanup.bat'` INTO cmd.

CALL FUNCTION 'SXPG_COMMAND_EXECUTE_LONG'
EXPORTING
commandname = cmd_exe
long_params = cmd_string
EXCEPTIONS
no_permission = 1
command_not_found = 2
parameters_too_long = 3
security_risk = 4
OTHERS = 5.
...


这里的问题是:程序没有对读取自用户的 backuptype参数进行任何验证。通常情况下 SXPG_COMMAND_EXECUTE_LONG 函数模块不会执行多条命令,但在这种情况下,程序会首先运行 cmd.exe shell,从而可以通过调用一次 CALL 'SYSTEM' 来执行多条命令。在调用该 shell 之后,它即会允许执行用两个与号分隔的多条命令。如果攻击者传递了一个形式为 "&& del c:\\dbms\\*.*" 的字符串,那么应用程序将随程序指定的其他命令一起执行此命令。由于该应用程序的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备与数据库进行交互所需的权限,这就意味着攻击者注入的任何命令都将通过这些权限得以运行。

示例 3:下面的代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,用户可通过该应用程序提供的界面在系统上更新他们的密码。在某些网络环境中更新密码时,其中的一个步骤就是在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make 命令。


...
MOVE 'make' to cmd.
CALL 'SYSTEM' ID 'COMMAND' FIELD cmd ID 'TAB' FIELD TABL[].
...


这里的问题在于程序没有在它的构造中指定一个绝对路径,并且没能在执行 CALL 'SYSTEM' 调用前清除它的环境变量。如果攻击者能够修改 $PATH 变量,把它指向名为 make 恶意二进制代码,程序就会在其指定的环境下执行,然后加载该恶意二进制代码,而非原本期望的代码。由于应用程序自身的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备执行系统操作所需的权限,这意味着攻击者会利用这些权限执行自己的 make,从而可能导致攻击者完全控制系统。
References
[1] SAP OSS notes 677435, 686765, 866732, 854060, 1336776, 1520462, 1530983 and related notes.
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[13] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[15] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[64] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.abap.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

例 1:下面这段代码根据配置文件的输入来决定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径执行初始化脚本。


...
var fs:FileStream = new FileStream();
fs.open(new File(String(configStream.readObject())+".txt"), FileMode.READ);
home = String(fs.readObject(home));
var cmd:String = home + INITCMD;
fscommand("exec", cmd);
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改配置文件 configStream 的内容以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从该文件读取的值,因此如果攻击者可以控制这些值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。

例 2:下面的代码来自一个管理 Web 应用程序,旨在使用户能够使用一个围绕 rman 实用程序的批处理文件封装器来启动 Oracle 数据库备份,然后运行一个 cleanup.bat 脚本来删除一些临时文件。脚本 rmanDB.bat 接受单个命令行参数,该参数指定了要执行的备份类型。由于访问数据库受限,所以应用程序执行备份需要具有较高权限的用户。


...
var params:Object = LoaderInfo(this.root.loaderInfo).parameters;
var btype:String = String(params["backuptype"]);
var cmd:String = "cmd.exe /K \"c:\\util\\rmanDB.bat " + btype + "&&c:\\util\\cleanup.bat\"";
fscommand("exec", cmd);
...


这里的问题是:程序没有对读取自用户的 backuptype参数进行任何验证。通常情况下 fscommand() 函数不会执行多条命令,但在这种情况下,程序会首先运行 cmd.exe shell,从而可以通过调用一次 fscommnd() 来执行多条命令。在调用该 shell 之后,它即会允许执行用两个与号分隔的多条命令。如果攻击者传递了一个形式为 "&& del c:\\dbms\\*.*" 的字符串,那么应用程序将随程序指定的其他命令一起执行此命令。由于该应用程序的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备与数据库进行交互所需的权限,这就意味着攻击者注入的任何命令都将通过这些权限得以运行。

示例 3:下面的代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,用户可通过该应用程序提供的界面在系统上更新他们的密码。在某些网络环境中更新密码时,其中的一个步骤就是在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make 命令。


...
fscommand("exec", "make");
...


这里的问题在于程序没有在它的构造中指定一个绝对路径,并且没能在执行 fscommand() 调用前清除它的环境变量。如果攻击者能够修改 $PATH 变量,把它指向名为 make 恶意二进制代码,程序就会在其指定的环境下执行,然后加载该恶意二进制代码,而非原本期望的代码。由于应用程序自身的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备执行系统操作所需的权限,这意味着攻击者会利用这些权限执行自己的 make,从而可能导致攻击者完全控制系统。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.actionscript.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

例 1:下面这段来自系统实用程序的代码根据系统属性 APPHOME 来决定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径执行一个初始化脚本。


...
string val = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("APPHOME");
string cmd = val + INITCMD;
ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo(cmd);
Process.Start(startInfo);
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改系统属性 APPHOME 以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从环境中读取的值,因此如果攻击者能够控制系统属性 APPHOME 的值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。

例 2:下面的代码来自一个管理 Web 应用程序,旨在使用户能够使用一个围绕 rman 实用程序的批处理文件封装器来启动 Oracle 数据库备份,然后运行一个 cleanup.bat 脚本来删除一些临时文件。脚本 rmanDB.bat 接受单个命令行参数,该参数指定了要执行的备份类型。由于访问数据库受限,所以应用程序执行备份需要具有较高权限的用户。


...
string btype = BackupTypeField.Text;
string cmd = "cmd.exe /K \"c:\\util\\rmanDB.bat"
+ btype + "&&c:\\util\\cleanup.bat\""));
Process.Start(cmd);
...


这里的问题是:程序没有对 BackupTypeField进行任何验证。通常情况下 Process.Start() 函数不会执行多条命令,但在这种情况下,程序会首先运行 cmd.exe shell,从而可以通过调用一次 Process.Start() 来执行多条命令。在调用该 shell 之后,它即会允许执行用两个与号分隔的多条命令。如果攻击者传递了一个形式为 "&& del c:\\dbms\\*.*" 的字符串,那么应用程序将随程序指定的其他命令一起执行此命令。由于该应用程序的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备与数据库进行交互所需的权限,这就意味着攻击者注入的任何命令都将通过这些权限得以运行。

示例 3:以下代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,该应用程序可以使用户访问一个界面以更新其在系统中的密码。在此网络环境中更新密码时,其中一个步骤就是运行 update.exe 命令,如下所示:


...
Process.Start("update.exe");
...


这里的问题在于,程序没有指定一个绝对的路径,并且在执行 Process.start() 调用之前未清除其环境变量。如果攻击者能够修改 $PATH 变量,把它指向名为 update.exe 恶意二进制代码,程序就会在其指定的环境下执行,然后加载该恶意二进制代码,而非原本期望的代码。由于应用程序自身的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备执行系统操作所需的权限,这意味着攻击者会利用这些权限执行自己的 update.exe,从而可能导致攻击者完全控制系统。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.dotnet.command_injection
Abstract
执行包含无效用户输入的命令,会导致应用程序以攻击者的名义执行操作。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,既攻击者显式地控制了所执行的命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。


2. 数据是字符串的一部分,应用程序将该字符串作为命令加以执行。


3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

示例 1:以下这个简单的程序将文件名作为命令行参数加以接受,并将文件的内容回显给用户。该程序是按照 setuid root 安装的,因为其最初的用途是一种学习工具,以便让那些仍在正在接受培训的系统管理员查看特权系统文件,而不授予其篡改权限或损坏系统的权力。


int main(char* argc, char** argv) {
char cmd[CMD_MAX] = "/usr/bin/cat ";
strcat(cmd, argv[1]);
system(cmd);
}


因为程序是利用 root 权限运行的,所以也会以 root 权限来调用 system()。如果用户指定了标准的文件名,那么调用就可按照您期望的方式进行。然而,如果攻击者传递了一个 ";rm -rf /" 形式的字符串,由于缺少参数,对 system() 的调用无法成功地执行 cat,然后程序会逐层删除根分区中的内容。

示例 2:以下代码来自于一个特权程序,该程序使用环境变量 $APPHOME 来确定应用程序的安装目录,然后在该目录中执行一个初始化脚本。


...
char* home=getenv("APPHOME");
char* cmd=(char*)malloc(strlen(home)+strlen(INITCMD));
if (cmd) {
strcpy(cmd,home);
strcat(cmd,INITCMD);
execl(cmd, NULL);
}
...


Example 1 中所示,该示例中的代码允许攻击者使用更高的应用程序权限来执行任意命令。在此示例中,攻击者可以篡改环境变量 $APPHOME 以指定包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径。由于程序不会验证从环境中读取的值,因此攻击者可通过控制该环境变量来诱骗应用程序去运行恶意代码。

因为攻击者使用环境变量来控制程序调用的命令,所以在本例中,环境的影响是不言而喻的。现在,我们转移一下注意力,看看如果攻击者能够改变命令的解析方式,会发生什么情况。

示例 3:以下代码来自一个基于 Web 的 CGI 实用程序,用户可以利用此实用程序修改其密码。通过 NIS 执行的密码更新过程包括在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make。请注意,由于程序更新了密码记录,因此它已按照 setuid root 安装。

程序会调用 make,如下所示:


system("cd /var/yp && make &> /dev/null");


与上一个示例不同,因为本例中的命令采用硬编码形式,所以攻击者不能控制传输到 system() 的参数。但是,因为程序没有指定 make 的绝对路径,而且没有在调用命令之前清除任何环境变量,所以攻击者就能够篡改它们的 $PATH 变量,以便指向一个名为 make 的恶意二进制代码,并在 shell 提示符中执行 CGI 脚本。而且,因为程序已按照 setuid root 安装,所以攻击者的 make 目前会在 root 的权限下执行。

在 Windows 中,还存在其他风险。

示例 4:直接或通过调用 _spawn() 家族中的某项函数调用 CreateProcess() 时,如果可执行文件或路径中存在空格,必须谨慎操作。


...
LPTSTR cmdLine = _tcsdup(TEXT("C:\\Program Files\\MyApplication -L -S"));
CreateProcess(NULL, cmdLine, ...);
...
CreateProcess() 解析空格时,操作系统尝试执行的第一个可执行文件将是 Program.exe,而不是 MyApplication.exe。因此,如果攻击者能够在系统上安装名称为 Program.exe 的恶意应用程序,任何使用 Program Files 目录错误调用 CreateProcess() 的程序将运行此恶意应用程序,而非原本期望的应用程序。

环境在程序的系统命令执行中扮演了一个十分重要的角色。由于诸如 system()exec()CreateProcess() 之类的函数利用调用这些函数的程序的环境,因此攻击者有可能影响这些调用行为。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.cpp.command_injection
Abstract
在不指定绝对路径的情况下执行命令,使攻击者能够通过更改 $PATH 或程序执行环境的其他方面使用该程序执行恶意二进制代码。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制命令。

- 攻击者能够控制程序的参数。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第二种情形,即攻击者能够通过篡改一个环境变量或预先在搜索路径中输入可执行的恶意内容,进而更改命令所代表的原始含义。这种形式的 Command Injection 漏洞在以下情况下发生:

1.攻击者修改应用程序的环境。

2.应用程序在不指定绝对路径或验证正在执行二进制代码的情况下执行命令。



3.通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

示例 1:此示例演示了攻击者更改命令解释方式时将会发生什么。以下代码来自一个基于 Web 的 CGI 实用程序,用户可以利用此实用程序更改其密码。通过 NIS 执行的密码更新过程包括在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make。请注意,由于程序更新了密码记录,因此它已按照 setuid root 安装。

程序会调用 make,如下所示:


MOVE "cd /var/yp && make &> /dev/null" to command-line
CALL "CBL_EXEC_RUN_UNIT" USING command-line
length of command-line
run-unit-id
stack-size
flags


此示例中的命令采用硬编码,因此攻击者无法控制传递到 CBL_EXEC_RUN_UNIT 的参数。然而,由于程序无法指定 make 的绝对路径,并且无法在调用命令之前擦除其环境变量,攻击者能够修改其 $PATH 变量以指向名为 make 的恶意二进制代码并通过 Shell 提示符执行 CGI 脚本。此外,由于程序已安装 setuid root,因此攻击者版本的 make 现在以 root 权限运行。

示例 2:以下代码使用环境变量确定包含要通过 pdfprint 命令打印的文件的临时目录。


DISPLAY "TEMP" UPON ENVIRONMENT-NAME
ACCEPT ws-temp-dir FROM ENVIRONMENT-VARIABLE
STRING "pdfprint " DELIMITED SIZE
ws-temp-dir DELIMITED SPACE
"/" DELIMITED SIZE
ws-pdf-filename DELIMITED SPACE
x"00" DELIMITED SIZE
INTO cmd-buffer
CALL "SYSTEM" USING cmd-buffer


与之前的示例类似,该命令采用硬编码。然而由于程序无法指定 pdfprint 的绝对路径,因此攻击者能够修改其指向恶意二进制代码的 $PATH 变量。此外,尽管 DELIMITED SPACE 短语能够阻止 ws-temp-dirws-pdf-filename 中的嵌入空间,仍然可能有 Shell 元字符(例如 &&)嵌入在这两者之一。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.semantic.cobol.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

例 1:攻击者可以利用下列代码通过 cmd 请求参数指定任意指令。


...
<cfset var="#url.cmd#">
<cfexecute name = "C:\windows\System32\cmd.exe"
arguments = "/c #var#"
timeout = "1"
variable="mycmd">
</cfexecute>
...
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.cfml.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者控制所执行命令的可能性。这种形式的 Command Injection 漏洞在以下情况下发生:

1.数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2.数据作为代表应用程序所执行命令的一个字符串或部分字符串使用。

3.通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

示例 1:系统实用程序中的以下代码使用系统属性 APPHOME 来确定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径执行初始化脚本。


...
final cmd = String.fromEnvironment('APPHOME');
await Process.run(cmd);
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改系统属性 APPHOME 以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从环境中读取的值,因此如果攻击者能够控制系统属性 APPHOME 的值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.dart.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者控制命令的可能性。这种形式的 Command Injection 漏洞在以下情况下发生:

1.数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。


2.数据作为代表应用程序所执行命令的一个字符串或部分字符串使用。

3.通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

示例 1:以下代码会运行用户控制的命令。


cmdName := request.FormValue("Command")
c := exec.Command(cmdName)
c.Run()
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.golang.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

例 1:下面这段来自系统实用程序的代码根据系统属性 APPHOME 来决定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径执行一个初始化脚本。


...
String home = System.getProperty("APPHOME");
String cmd = home + INITCMD;
java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改系统属性 APPHOME 以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从环境中读取的值,因此如果攻击者能够控制系统属性 APPHOME 的值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。

例 2:下面的代码来自一个管理 Web 应用程序,旨在使用户能够使用一个围绕 rman 实用程序的批处理文件封装器来启动 Oracle 数据库备份,然后运行一个 cleanup.bat 脚本来删除一些临时文件。脚本 rmanDB.bat 接受单个命令行参数,该参数指定了要执行的备份类型。由于访问数据库受限,所以应用程序执行备份需要具有较高权限的用户。


...
String btype = request.getParameter("backuptype");
String cmd = new String("cmd.exe /K
\"c:\\util\\rmanDB.bat "+btype+"&&c:\\util\\cleanup.bat\"")
System.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
...


这里的问题是:程序没有对读取自用户的 backuptype参数进行任何验证。通常情况下 Runtime.exec() 函数不会执行多条命令,但在这种情况下,程序会首先运行 cmd.exe shell,从而可以通过调用一次 Runtime.exec() 来执行多条命令。在调用该 shell 之后,它即会允许执行用两个与号分隔的多条命令。如果攻击者传递了一个形式为 "&& del c:\\dbms\\*.*" 的字符串,那么应用程序将随程序指定的其他命令一起执行此命令。由于该应用程序的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备与数据库进行交互所需的权限,这就意味着攻击者注入的任何命令都将通过这些权限得以运行。

示例 3:下面的代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,用户可通过该应用程序提供的界面在系统上更新他们的密码。在某些网络环境中更新密码时,其中的一个步骤就是在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make 命令。


...
System.Runtime.getRuntime().exec("make");
...


这里的问题在于程序没有在它的构造中指定一个绝对路径,并且没能在执行 Runtime.exec() 调用前清除它的环境变量。如果攻击者能够修改 $PATH 变量,把它指向名为 make 恶意二进制代码,程序就会在其指定的环境下执行,然后加载该恶意二进制代码,而非原本期望的代码。由于应用程序自身的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备执行系统操作所需的权限,这意味着攻击者会利用这些权限执行自己的 make,从而可能导致攻击者完全控制系统。

有些人认为在移动世界中,典型的漏洞(如 Command Injection)是无意义的 -- 为什么用户要攻击自己?但是,谨记移动平台的本质是从各种来源下载并在相同设备上运行的应用程序。恶意软件在银行应用程序附近运行的可能性很高,它们会强制扩展移动应用程序的攻击面(包括跨进程通信)。

例 4:以下代码可从 Android Intent 中读取要执行的命令。


...
String[] cmds = this.getIntent().getStringArrayExtra("commands");
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su");
DataOutputStream os = new DataOutputStream(p.getOutputStream());
for (String cmd : cmds) {
os.writeBytes(cmd+"\n");
}
os.writeBytes("exit\n");
os.flush();
...


在经过 root 的设备上,恶意应用程序会强迫受攻击应用程序使用超级用户权限执行任意命令。
References
[1] IDS07-J. Sanitize untrusted data passed to the Runtime.exec() method CERT
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[13] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[15] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[64] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.java.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。


2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

示例 1:以下来自系统实用程序的代码根据环境变量 APPHOME 来决定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径来执行初始化脚本。


var cp = require('child_process');
...
var home = process.env('APPHOME');
var cmd = home + INITCMD;
child = cp.exec(cmd, function(error, stdout, stderr){
...
});
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改系统属性 APPHOME 以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从环境中读取的值,因此如果攻击者能够控制系统属性 APPHOME 的值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。

示例 2:下面的代码来自一个管理 Web 应用程序,旨在使用户能够使用一个围绕 rman 实用程序的批处理文件封装器来启动 Oracle 数据库备份。脚本 rmanDB.bat 接受单个命令行参数,该参数指定了要执行的备份类型。由于访问数据库受限,所以应用程序执行备份需要具有较高权限的用户。


var cp = require('child_process');
var http = require('http');
var url = require('url');

function listener(request, response){
var btype = url.parse(request.url, true)['query']['backuptype'];
if (btype !== undefined){
cmd = "c:\\util\\rmanDB.bat" + btype;
cp.exec(cmd, function(error, stdout, stderr){
...
});
}
...
}
...
http.createServer(listener).listen(8080);


这里的问题是:程序除了验证读取自用户的 backuptype参数是否存在之外,没有对其进行任何验证。在调用该 shell 之后,就可能允许执行多个命令,并且由于该应用程序的特性,该应用程序将会使用与数据库进行交互的必要权限来运行,这就意味着攻击者注入的任何命令都会通过这些权限来运行。

示例 3:下面的代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,用户可通过该应用程序提供的界面在系统上更新他们的密码。在某些网络环境中更新密码时,其中的一个步骤就是在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make 命令。


...
require('child_process').exec("make", function(error, stdout, stderr){
...
});
...


这里的问题在于,程序没有指定 make 的绝对路径,因此没能在执行 child_process.exec() 调用前清理其环境。如果攻击者能够修改 $PATH 变量,把它指向名为 make 恶意二进制代码,程序就会在其指定的环境下执行,然后加载该恶意二进制代码,而非原本期望的代码。由于应用程序自身的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备执行系统操作所需的权限,这意味着攻击者会利用这些权限执行自己的 make,从而可能导致攻击者完全控制系统。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.javascript.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

例 1:下面这段来自系统实用程序的代码根据系统属性 APPHOME 来决定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径执行一个初始化脚本。


...
$home = $_ENV['APPHOME'];
$cmd = $home . $INITCMD;
system(cmd);
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改系统属性 APPHOME 以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从环境中读取的值,因此如果攻击者能够控制系统属性 APPHOME 的值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。

例 2:下面的代码来自一个管理 Web 应用程序,旨在使用户能够使用一个围绕 rman 实用程序的批处理文件封装器来启动 Oracle 数据库备份,然后运行一个 cleanup.bat 脚本来删除一些临时文件。脚本 rmanDB.bat 接受单个命令行参数,该参数指定了要执行的备份类型。由于访问数据库受限,所以应用程序执行备份需要具有较高权限的用户。


...
$btype = $_GET['backuptype'];
$cmd = "cmd.exe /K \"c:\\util\\rmanDB.bat " . $btype . "&&c:\\util\\cleanup.bat\"";
system(cmd);
...


这里的问题是:程序没有对读取自用户的 backuptype参数进行任何验证。通常情况下 Runtime.exec() 函数不会执行多条命令,但在这种情况下,程序会首先运行 cmd.exe shell,从而可以通过调用一次 Runtime.exec() 来执行多条命令。在调用该 shell 之后,它即会允许执行用两个与号分隔的多条命令。如果攻击者传递了一个形式为 "&& del c:\\dbms\\*.*" 的字符串,那么应用程序将随程序指定的其他命令一起执行此命令。由于该应用程序的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备与数据库进行交互所需的权限,这就意味着攻击者注入的任何命令都将通过这些权限得以运行。

示例 3:下面的代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,用户可通过该应用程序提供的界面在系统上更新他们的密码。在某些网络环境中更新密码时,其中的一个步骤就是在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make 命令。


...
$result = shell_exec("make");
...


这里的问题在于程序没有在它的构造中指定一个绝对路径,并且没能在执行 Runtime.exec() 调用前清除它的环境变量。如果攻击者能够修改 $PATH 变量,把它指向名为 make 恶意二进制代码,程序就会在其指定的环境下执行,然后加载该恶意二进制代码,而非原本期望的代码。由于应用程序自身的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备执行系统操作所需的权限,这意味着攻击者会利用这些权限执行自己的 make,从而可能导致攻击者完全控制系统。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.php.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

示例 1:以下代码定义了一个 T-SQL 存储过程,当使用不可信的数据调用该过程时,将执行攻击者控制的系统命令。


...
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.listFiles (@path NVARCHAR(200))
AS

DECLARE @cmd NVARCHAR(500)
SET @cmd = 'dir ' + @path

exec xp_cmdshell @cmd

GO
...
References
[1] xp_cmdshell
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[13] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[15] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[64] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.sql.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

例 1:下面这段来自系统实用程序的代码根据系统属性 APPHOME 来决定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径执行一个初始化脚本。


...
home = os.getenv('APPHOME')
cmd = home.join(INITCMD)
os.system(cmd);
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改系统属性 APPHOME 以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从环境中读取的值,因此如果攻击者能够控制系统属性 APPHOME 的值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。

例 2:下面的代码来自一个管理 Web 应用程序,旨在使用户能够使用一个围绕 rman 实用程序的批处理文件封装器来启动 Oracle 数据库备份,然后运行一个 cleanup.bat 脚本来删除一些临时文件。脚本 rmanDB.bat 接受单个命令行参数,该参数指定了要执行的备份类型。由于访问数据库受限,所以应用程序执行备份需要具有较高权限的用户。


...
btype = req.field('backuptype')
cmd = "cmd.exe /K \"c:\\util\\rmanDB.bat " + btype + "&&c:\\util\\cleanup.bat\""
os.system(cmd);
...


这里的问题是:程序没有对读取自用户的 backuptype参数进行任何验证。通常情况下 Runtime.exec() 函数不会执行多条命令,但在这种情况下,程序会首先运行 cmd.exe shell,从而可以通过调用一次 Runtime.exec() 来执行多条命令。在调用该 shell 之后,它即会允许执行用两个与号分隔的多条命令。如果攻击者传递了一个形式为 "&& del c:\\dbms\\*.*" 的字符串,那么应用程序将随程序指定的其他命令一起执行此命令。由于该应用程序的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备与数据库进行交互所需的权限,这就意味着攻击者注入的任何命令都将通过这些权限得以运行。

示例 3:下面的代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,用户可通过该应用程序提供的界面在系统上更新他们的密码。在某些网络环境中更新密码时,其中的一个步骤就是在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make 命令。


...
result = os.system("make");
...


这里的问题在于程序没有在它的构造中指定一个绝对路径,并且没能在执行 os.system() 调用前清除它的环境变量。如果攻击者能够修改 $PATH 变量,把它指向名为 make 恶意二进制代码,程序就会在其指定的环境下执行,然后加载该恶意二进制代码,而非原本期望的代码。由于应用程序自身的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备执行系统操作所需的权限,这意味着攻击者会利用这些权限执行自己的 make,从而可能导致攻击者完全控制系统。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.python.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。


2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

例 1:下面这段来自系统实用程序的代码根据系统属性 APPHOME 来决定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径执行一个初始化脚本。


...
home = ENV['APPHOME']
cmd = home + INITCMD
Process.spawn(cmd)
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改系统属性 APPHOME 以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从环境中读取的值,因此如果攻击者能够控制系统属性 APPHOME 的值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。

例 2:下面的代码来自一个管理 Web 应用程序,旨在使用户能够使用一个围绕 rman 实用程序的批处理文件封装器来启动 Oracle 数据库备份,然后运行一个 cleanup.bat 脚本来删除一些临时文件。脚本 rmanDB.bat 接受单个命令行参数,该参数指定了要执行的备份类型。由于访问数据库受限,所以应用程序执行备份需要具有较高权限的用户。


...
btype = req['backuptype']
cmd = "C:\\util\\rmanDB.bat #{btype} &&C:\\util\\cleanup.bat"
spawn(cmd)
...


这里的问题是:程序没有对读取自用户的 backuptype参数进行任何验证。在通过 Kernel.spawn 调用该 shell 之后,它即会允许执行用两个与号分隔的多条命令。如果攻击者传递了一个形式为 "&& del c:\\dbms\\*.*" 的字符串,那么应用程序将随程序指定的其他命令一起执行此命令。由于该应用程序的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备与数据库进行交互所需的权限,这就意味着攻击者注入的任何命令都将通过这些权限得以运行。

示例 3:下面的代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,用户可通过该应用程序提供的界面在系统上更新他们的密码。在某些网络环境中更新密码时,其中的一个步骤就是在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make 命令。


...
system("make")
...


这里的问题在于程序没有在它的构造中指定一个绝对路径,并且没能在执行 Kernel.system() 调用前清除它的环境变量。如果攻击者能够修改 $PATH 变量,把它指向名为 make 恶意二进制代码,程序就会在其指定的环境下执行,然后加载该恶意二进制代码,而非原本期望的代码。由于应用程序自身的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备执行系统操作所需的权限,这意味着攻击者会利用这些权限执行自己的 make,从而可能导致攻击者完全控制系统。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.ruby.command_injection
Abstract
执行包含无效用户输入的命令,会导致应用程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第二种情况,即攻击者有可能通过篡改一个环境变量或预先在搜索路径中输入可执行的恶意内容,进而更改命令所代表的原始含义。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1.攻击者篡改某一应用程序的环境。

2.应用程序在没有指明绝对路径,或者没有检验所执行的二进制代码的情况下就执行命令。

3.通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

示例 1:下面的代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,用户可通过该应用程序提供的界面在系统上更新他们的密码。


def changePassword(username: String, password: String) = Action { request =>
...
s'echo "${password}" | passwd ${username} --stdin'.!
...
}
References
[1] IDS07-J. Sanitize untrusted data passed to the Runtime.exec() method CERT
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[13] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[15] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[64] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.scala.command_injection
Abstract
执行不可信赖资源中的命令,或在不可信赖的环境中执行命令,都会导致程序以攻击者的名义执行恶意命令。
Explanation
Command Injection 漏洞主要表现为以下两种形式:

- 攻击者能够篡改程序执行的命令:攻击者直接控制了所执行的命令。

- 攻击者能够篡改命令的执行环境:攻击者间接地控制了所执行的命令。

在这种情况下,我们着重关注第一种情况,即攻击者有可能控制所执行命令。这种类型的 Command Injection 漏洞会在以下情况下出现:

1. 数据从不可信赖的数据源进入应用程序。

2. 数据被用作代表应用程序所执行命令的字符串,或字符串的一部分。

3. 通过命令的执行,应用程序会授予攻击者一种原本不该拥有的特权或能力。

例 1:下面这段来自系统实用程序的代码根据系统属性 APPHOME 来决定其安装目录,然后根据指定目录的相对路径执行一个初始化脚本。


...
Dim cmd
Dim home

home = Environ$("AppHome")
cmd = home & initCmd
Shell cmd, vbNormalFocus
...
Example 1 中的代码可以使攻击者通过修改系统属性 APPHOME 以指向包含恶意版本 INITCMD 的其他路径来提高自己在应用程序中的权限,继而随心所欲地执行命令。由于程序不会验证从环境中读取的值,因此如果攻击者能够控制系统属性 APPHOME 的值,他们就能欺骗应用程序去运行恶意代码,从而取得系统控制权。

例 2:下面的代码来自一个管理 Web 应用程序,旨在使用户能够使用一个围绕 rman 实用程序的批处理文件封装器来启动 Oracle 数据库备份,然后运行一个 cleanup.bat 脚本来删除一些临时文件。脚本 rmanDB.bat 接受单个命令行参数,该参数指定了要执行的备份类型。由于访问数据库受限,所以应用程序执行备份需要具有较高权限的用户。


...
btype = Request.Form("backuptype")
cmd = "cmd.exe /K " & Chr(34) & "c:\util\rmanDB.bat " & btype & "&&c:\util\cleanup.bat" & Chr(34) & ";
Shell cmd, vbNormalFocus
...


这里的问题是:程序没有对读取自用户的 backuptype参数进行任何验证。在调用该 shell 之后,它即会允许执行用两个与号分隔的多条命令。如果攻击者传递了一个形式为 "&& del c:\\dbms\\*.*" 的字符串,那么应用程序将随程序指定的其他命令一起执行此命令。由于该应用程序的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备与数据库进行交互所需的权限,这就意味着攻击者注入的任何命令都将通过这些权限得以运行。

示例 3:下面的代码来自一个 Web 应用程序,用户可通过该应用程序提供的界面在系统上更新他们的密码。在某些网络环境中更新密码时,其中的一个步骤就是在 /var/yp 目录中运行 make 命令。


...
$result = shell_exec("make");
...


这里的问题在于程序没有在它的构造中指定一个绝对路径,并且没能在执行 Runtime.exec() 调用前清除它的环境变量。如果攻击者能够修改 $PATH 变量,把它指向名为 make 恶意二进制代码,程序就会在其指定的环境下执行,然后加载该恶意二进制代码,而非原本期望的代码。由于应用程序自身的特性,运行该应用程序需要具备执行系统操作所需的权限,这意味着攻击者会利用这些权限执行自己的 make,从而可能导致攻击者完全控制系统。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [7] CWE ID 078, [13] CWE ID 077
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3
[10] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Directive 4.14, Rule 1.3, Rule 21.21
[11] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2008 Rule 0-3-1
[12] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3, Rule 21.2.3
[13] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[38] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[39] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[61] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[62] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)
[63] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding
desc.dataflow.vb.command_injection
Abstract
构建含有用户输入的内容提供商查询指令会让攻击者能够访问未经授权的记录。
Explanation
Query string injection 漏洞会在以下情况下发生:

1. 数据从一个不可信赖的数据源进入程序。



2. 数据用于动态地构造一个内容提供商查询 URI。



Android 内容提供商支持开发人员不使用 SQL 而仅通过构建内容提供商 URI 来编写查询。内容供应商查询 URI 易受注入攻击,因此开发人员应避免在未确保元字符得到正确验证或编码的情况下,使用带有受污染数据输入的字符串串联来构建 URI。

例 1: 假定有个应用程序在 URI 上暴露了多个内容提供商:

content://my.authority/messagescontent://my.authority/messages/123content://my.authority/messages/deleted

如果开发人员构建了查询 URI 串联字符串,那么攻击者将能够在路径或其他 URI 元字符中添加改变查询意义的斜线。在以下代码段中,攻击者可以通过提供带有 deleted 值的 msgId 代码来调用 content://my.authority/messages/deleted


// "msgId" is submitted by users
Uri dataUri = Uri.parse(WeatherContentProvider.CONTENT_URI + "/" + msgId);
Cursor wCursor1 = getContentResolver().query(dataUri, null, null, null, null);
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 89
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [6] CWE ID 089
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [6] CWE ID 089
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [6] CWE ID 089
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [3] CWE ID 089
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [3] CWE ID 089
[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [3] CWE ID 089
[8] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-002754
[9] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[10] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[12] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.3.4 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.5 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[35] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 089
[36] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 089
[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 089
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3540.1 CAT I, APP3540.3 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3540.1 CAT I, APP3540.3 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3540.1 CAT I, APP3540.3 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3540.1 CAT I, APP3540.3 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3540.1 CAT I, APP3540.3 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3540.1 CAT I, APP3540.3 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3540.1 CAT I, APP3540.3 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[60] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 SQL Injection (WASC-19)
[61] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 SQL Injection
desc.dataflow.java.content_provider_uri_injection
Abstract
创建了 Cookie,但未将 isSecure 参数设置为 true
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 Cookie 都具有 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 Cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 Cookie 将使其受到 Network Sniffing 攻击,因此该安全标记有助于保护 Cookie 值的机密性。如果 Cookie 包含私人数据或带有会话标识符,那么该标记尤其重要。

示例 1:在以下示例中,创建了 Cookie,但未将 isSecure 参数设置为 true

...
Cookie cookie = new Cookie('emailCookie', emailCookie, path, maxAge, false, 'Strict');
...


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 isSecure 参数,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 Cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。通过未加密的无线连接探查网络流量对攻击者而言十分简单,因此通过 HTTP 发送 Cookie(特别是具有会话 ID 的 Cookie)可能会危及应用程序安全。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[2] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[3] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[4] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[52] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.semantic.apex.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
程序创建了 cookie,但未将 Secure 标记设置为 true
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 cookie 的 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 cookie 将使其受到网络截取攻击,因此安全标记有助于保护 cookie 值的保密性。如果 cookie 包含私人数据或带有会话标识符,那么该标记尤其重要。

示例 1:在下面的示例中,在未设置 Secure 属性的情况下,为响应添加了一个 Cookie。

...
HttpCookie cookie = new HttpCookie("emailCookie", email);
Response.AppendCookie(cookie);
...


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 Secure 标记,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。通过未加密的无线连接截取网络信息流对攻击者而言十分简单,因此通过 HTTP 发送 cookie(特别是具有会话 ID 的 cookie)可能会危及应用程序安全。
References
[1] HttpCookie Class Microsoft
[2] Mike Perry Automated HTTPS Cookie Hijacking
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.controlflow.dotnet.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未将 Secure 标记设置为 true
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 Cookie 都具有 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 Cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 Cookie 将使其受到 Network Sniffing 攻击,因此该 secure 标记有助于保护 Cookie 值的机密性。如果 Cookie 包含私人数据或会话标识符,或带有 CSRF 标记,那么该标记尤其重要。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 Secure 标记的情况下将 cookie 添加到响应中。

cookie := http.Cookie{
Name: "emailCookie",
Value: email,
}
http.SetCookie(response, &cookie)
...


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 Secure 标记,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 Cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。攻击者随后可截取未加密的网络信息流(通过无线网络时十分容易),从而危及 cookie 安全。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[2] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[3] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[4] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[52] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.semantic.golang.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
创建了 Cookie,但未将 Secure 标记设置为 true
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 Cookie 都具有 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 Cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 Cookie 将使其受到 Network Sniffing 攻击,因此该 secure 标记有助于保护 Cookie 值的机密性。如果 Cookie 包含私人数据或带有会话标识符,那么该标记尤其重要。

示例 1:在下列示例中,use-secure-cookie 属性允许 remember-me Cookie 通过未加密的传输发送出去。

<http auto-config="true">
...
<remember-me use-secure-cookie="false"/>
</http>


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 Secure 标记,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 Cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。通过未加密的无线连接监听网络通信对攻击者而言十分简单,因此通过 HTTP 发送 Cookie(特别是具有会话 ID 的 Cookie)可能会危及应用程序安全。
References
[1] Class Cookie Sun Microsystems
[2] Mike Perry Automated HTTPS Cookie Hijacking
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.config.java.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
创建了 cookie,但未将 Secure 标记设置为 true
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 cookie 的 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 cookie 将使其受到网络截取攻击,因此安全标记有助于保护 cookie 值的保密性。如果 cookie 包含私人数据或带有会话标识符,那么该标记尤其重要。
示例 1:在下面的示例中,在未将 Secure 属性设置为 true 的情况下,为响应添加了一个 Cookie。

res.cookie('important_cookie', info, {domain: 'secure.example.com', path: '/admin', httpOnly: true, secure: false});


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 Secure 标记,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。通过未加密的无线连接截取网络信息流对攻击者而言十分简单,因此通过 HTTP 发送 cookie(特别是具有会话 ID 的 cookie)可能会危及应用程序安全。
References
[1] Mike Perry Automated HTTPS Cookie Hijacking
[2] Node.js Security Checklist
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.dataflow.javascript.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
创建了 cookie,但未将 NSHTTPCookieSecure 标记设置为 TRUE
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 cookie 的 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 cookie 将使其受到网络截取攻击,因此安全标记有助于保护 cookie 值的保密性。如果 cookie 包含私人数据或带有会话标识符,那么该标记尤其重要。
示例 1:在下面的示例中,在未设置 Secure 标记的情况下,为响应添加了一个 Cookie。

...
NSDictionary *cookieProperties = [NSDictionary dictionary];
...
NSHTTPCookie *cookie = [NSHTTPCookie cookieWithProperties:cookieProperties];
...


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 Secure 标记,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。通过未加密的无线连接截取网络信息流对攻击者而言十分简单,因此通过 HTTP 发送 cookie(特别是具有会话 ID 的 cookie)可能会危及应用程序安全。
References
[1] Class NSHTTPCookie Apple
[2] Mike Perry Automated HTTPS Cookie Hijacking
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.structural.objc.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未将 Secure 标记设置为 true
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 cookie 的 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 cookie 将使其受到网络截取攻击,因此安全标记有助于保护 cookie 值的保密性。如果 cookie 包含私人数据或带有会话标识符,那么该标记尤其重要。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 Secure 标记的情况下将 cookie 添加到响应中。

...
setcookie("emailCookie", $email, 0, "/", "www.example.com");
...


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 Secure 标记,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 Cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。攻击者随后可截取未加密的网络信息流(通过无线网络时十分容易),从而危及 cookie 安全。
References
[1] setcookie() documentation The PHP Group
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[4] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[5] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[53] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.semantic.php.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未将 Secure 标记设置为 True
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 cookie 的 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 cookie 将使其受到网络截取攻击,因此安全标记有助于保护 cookie 值的保密性。如果 cookie 包含私人数据或会话标识符,或带有 CSRF 标记,那么该标记尤其重要。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 Secure 标记的情况下将 cookie 添加到响应中。

from django.http.response import HttpResponse
...
def view_method(request):
res = HttpResponse()
res.set_cookie("emailCookie", email)
return res
...


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 Secure 标记,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 Cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。攻击者随后可截取未加密的网络信息流(通过无线网络时十分容易),从而危及 cookie 安全。
References
[1] Request and Response documentation Django Foundation Group
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[3] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[4] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[5] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[53] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.structural.python.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
创建了 Cookie,但未将 Secure 标记设置为 true
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 Cookie 都具有 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 Cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 Cookie 将使其受到 Network Sniffing 攻击,因此该 secure 标记有助于保护 Cookie 值的机密性。如果 Cookie 包含私人数据或带有会话标识符,那么该标记尤其重要。
示例 1:在下面的示例中,在未设置 Secure 标记的情况下,为响应添加了一个 Cookie。

Ok(Html(command)).withCookies(Cookie("sessionID", sessionID, secure = false))


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 Secure 标记,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 Cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。通过未加密的无线连接监听网络通信对攻击者而言十分简单,因此通过 HTTP 发送 Cookie(特别是具有会话 ID 的 Cookie)可能会危及应用程序安全。
References
[1] Class Cookie Sun Microsystems
[2] Mike Perry Automated HTTPS Cookie Hijacking
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.semantic.scala.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
创建了 cookie,但未将 NSHTTPCookieSecure 标记设置为 TRUE
Explanation
现今的 Web 浏览器支持每个 Cookie 都具有 Secure 标记。如果设置了该标记,那么浏览器只会通过 HTTPS 发送 Cookie。通过未加密的通道发送 Cookie 将使其受到 Network Sniffing 攻击,因此该 secure 标记有助于保护 Cookie 值的机密性。如果 Cookie 包含私人数据或带有会话标识符,那么该标记尤其重要。
示例 1:在下面的示例中,在未设置 Secure 标记的情况下,为响应添加了一个 Cookie。

...
let properties = [
NSHTTPCookieDomain: "www.example.com",
NSHTTPCookiePath: "/service",
NSHTTPCookieName: "foo",
NSHTTPCookieValue: "bar"
]
let cookie : NSHTTPCookie? = NSHTTPCookie(properties:properties)
...


如果应用程序同时使用 HTTPS 和 HTTP,但没有设置 Secure 标记,那么在 HTTPS 请求过程中发送的 Cookie 也会在随后的 HTTP 请求过程中被发送。通过未加密的无线连接监听网络通信对攻击者而言十分简单,因此通过 HTTP 发送 Cookie(特别是具有会话 ID 的 Cookie)可能会危及应用程序安全。
References
[1] Class NSHTTPCookie Apple
[2] Mike Perry Automated HTTPS Cookie Hijacking
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 614
[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM, SC
[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Insufficient Data Protection
[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.1 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 8.1.6 General Data Protection (L3)
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A9 Insecure Communications
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.3
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 6.5.9
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4, Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1, Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.2 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective C.4.1 - Web Software Communications
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260.1 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II, APP3260 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002220 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[53] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection (WASC-04)
[54] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.structural.swift.cookie_security_cookie_not_sent_over_ssl
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未能将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true
Explanation
所有主要浏览器均支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,以阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证标记。如果未启用 HttpOnly 标记,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 HttpOnly 属性的情况下创建一个 Cookie。

HttpCookie cookie = new HttpCookie("emailCookie", email);
Response.AppendCookie(cookie);
References
[1] Amit Klein Round-up: Ways to bypass HttpOnly (and HTTP Basic auth)
[2] HttpCookie.HttpOnly Property Microsoft
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[48] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.controlflow.dotnet.cookie_security_httponly_not_set
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未能将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true
Explanation
浏览器支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,可阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证标记。如果未启用 HttpOnly,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 HttpOnly 属性的情况下创建一个 Cookie。

cookie := http.Cookie{
Name: "emailCookie",
Value: email,
}
...
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[6] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[7] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[46] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.semantic.golang.cookie_security_httponly_not_set
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未能将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true
Explanation
所有主要浏览器均支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,以阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证标记。如果未启用 HttpOnly 标记,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 HttpOnly 属性的情况下创建一个 Cookie。

javax.servlet.http.Cookie cookie = new javax.servlet.http.Cookie("emailCookie", email);
// Missing a call to: cookie.setHttpOnly(true);
References
[1] Amit Klein Round-up: Ways to bypass HttpOnly (and HTTP Basic auth)
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[47] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.structural.java.cookie_security_httponly_not_set
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未能将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true
Explanation
所有主要浏览器均支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,以阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证标记。如果未启用 HttpOnly 标记,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 httpOnly 属性的情况下创建一个 Cookie。

res.cookie('important_cookie', info, {domain: 'secure.example.com', path: '/admin'});
References
[1] Amit Klein Round-up: Ways to bypass HttpOnly (and HTTP Basic auth)
[2] Node.js Security Checklist
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[48] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.dataflow.javascript.cookie_security_httponly_not_set
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未能将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true
Explanation
所有主要浏览器均支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,以阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证标记。如果未启用 HttpOnly 标记,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 HttpOnly 属性的情况下创建一个 Cookie。

setcookie("emailCookie", $email, 0, "/", "www.example.com", TRUE); //Missing 7th parameter to set HttpOnly
References
[1] Amit Klein Round-up: Ways to bypass HttpOnly (and HTTP Basic auth)
[2] setcookie() documentation The PHP Group
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[48] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.semantic.php.cookie_security_httponly_not_set
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未能将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 True
Explanation
浏览器支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,可阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证令牌。如果未启用 HttpOnly,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 HttpOnly 属性的情况下创建一个 Cookie。

from django.http.response import HttpResponse
...
def view_method(request):
res = HttpResponse()
res.set_cookie("emailCookie", email)
return res
...
References
[1] Amit Klein Round-up: Ways to bypass HttpOnly (and HTTP Basic auth)
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[47] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.structural.python.cookie_security_httponly_not_set
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未能将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true
Explanation
所有主要浏览器均支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,以阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证标记。如果未启用 HttpOnly 标记,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。
示例 1:以下代码会在未设置 HttpOnly 属性的情况下创建一个 Cookie。

Ok(Html(command)).withCookies(Cookie("sessionID", sessionID, httpOnly = false))
References
[1] Amit Klein Round-up: Ways to bypass HttpOnly (and HTTP Basic auth)
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M8 Security Misconfiguration
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[47] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.structural.scala.cookie_security_httponly_not_set
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未能将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true
Explanation
所有主要浏览器均支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,以阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证标记。如果未启用 HttpOnly 标记,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。

示例 1:以下代码会在未将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true 的情况下创建会话 Cookie。

server.servlet.session.cookie.http-only=false
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[6] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[7] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M3 Insecure Authentication/Authorization
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[46] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.config.java.cookie_security_httponly_not_set_on_session_cookie
Abstract
程序创建了 Cookie,但未能将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true
Explanation
所有主要浏览器均支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,以阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证标记。如果未启用 HttpOnly 标记,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。
示例 1:以下代码会在未将 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true 的情况下创建会话 Cookie。

session_set_cookie_params(0, "/", "www.example.com", true, false);
References
[1] Amit Klein Round-up: Ways to bypass HttpOnly (and HTTP Basic auth)
[2] session_set_cookie_params The PHP Group
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[7] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[8] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[9] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M3 Insecure Authentication/Authorization
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[48] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.semantic.php.cookie_security_httponly_not_set_on_session_cookie
Abstract
应用程序无法将会话 cookie 的 HttpOnly 标记设置为 true
Explanation
浏览器支持 HttpOnly Cookie 属性,可阻止客户端脚本访问 Cookie。Cross-Site Scripting 攻击通常会访问 Cookie,以试图窃取会话标识符或身份验证令牌。如果未启用 HttpOnly,攻击者就能更容易地访问用户 Cookie。

示例 1:以下设置配置会在未设置 HttpOnly 属性的情况下显式设置会话 Cookie。

...
MIDDLEWARE = (
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'csp.middleware.CSPMiddleware',
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
...
)
...
SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY = False
...
References
[1] Amit Klein Round-up: Ways to bypass HttpOnly (and HTTP Basic auth)
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 1004
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [15] CWE ID 732
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [16] CWE ID 732
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [22] CWE ID 732
[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001184, CCI-002418, CCI-002420, CCI-002421, CCI-002422
[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 CM
[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity (P1), SC-23 Session Authenticity (P1)
[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity, SC-23 Session Authenticity
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 3.2.3 Session Binding Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.4.2 Cookie-based Session Management (L1 L2 L3), 4.1.3 General Access Control Design (L1 L2 L3), 4.2.1 Operation Level Access Control (L1 L2 L3), 4.3.3 Other Access Control Considerations (L2 L3), 13.1.4 Generic Web Service Security Verification Requirements (L2 L3)
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M4 Unintended Data Leakage
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M3 Insecure Authentication/Authorization
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A6 Sensitive Data Exposure
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A3 Sensitive Data Exposure
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002210 CAT II, APSC-DV-002440 CAT I, APSC-DV-002450 CAT II, APSC-DV-002460 CAT II, APSC-DV-002470 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Authentication (WASC-01)
[47] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Authentication
desc.structural.python.cookie_security_httponly_not_set_on_session_cookie