界: Environment

本節包括原始程式碼之外的所有內容，但對於建立中產品的安全性仍至關重要。由於此領域所涵蓋的問題與原始程式碼沒有直接關係，因此我們將其與其他領域分開。

Azure ARM Misconfiguration: Improper KeyVault Access Control Policy

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Abstract

範本定義一個沒有到期日的機密。

Explanation

有效期間長的機密容易被盜，進而將組織置於被入侵的風險之中。

範例 1：以下範例顯示一個定義金鑰的範本，但金鑰沒有到期日。


  {
    "type": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/secrets",
    "name": "[concat(parameters('keyVaultName'), '/', parameters('secretName'))]",
    "apiVersion": "2019-09-01",
    "location": "[parameters('location')]",
    "dependsOn": [
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults', parameters('keyVaultName'))]"
    ],
    "properties": {
        "value": "[parameters('secretValue')]"
    }
}

References

[1] Microsoft Key and secret management considerations in Azure

[2] Gary Klionsky Managing and Rotating Secrets with Azure Key Vault, Managed Services, and some automation

[3] Microsoft Tutorial: Use a Windows VM system-assigned managed identity to access Azure Key Vault

[4] Marcel.L Automate password rotation with Github and Azure

[5] Elaine Barker NIST Special Publication 800-57 Part 1 Revision 5- Recommendation for Key Management: Part 1 – General

[6] Standards Mapping - CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark Recommendation 8.3, Recommendation 8.4

[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 261

[8] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [13] CWE ID 287

[9] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [14] CWE ID 287

[10] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [14] CWE ID 287

[11] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [14] CWE ID 287

[12] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [14] CWE ID 287

[13] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000196, CCI-001199

[14] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 MP

[15] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation

[16] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 IA-5 Authenticator Management (P1), SC-28 Protection of Information at Rest (P1)

[17] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 IA-5 Authenticator Management, SC-28 Protection of Information at Rest

[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration

[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.6.3 Look-up Secret Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 2.7.1 Out of Band Verifier Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 2.7.2 Out of Band Verifier Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 2.7.3 Out of Band Verifier Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 2.8.4 Single or Multi Factor One Time Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 2.8.5 Single or Multi Factor One Time Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.7.1 Defenses Against Session Management Exploits (L1 L2 L3), 6.2.1 Algorithms (L1 L2 L3), 9.2.1 Server Communications Security Requirements (L2 L3), 9.2.3 Server Communications Security Requirements (L2 L3)

[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M1 Weak Server Side Controls

[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A10 Insecure Configuration Management

[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A6 Security Misconfiguration

[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A5 Security Misconfiguration

[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A6 Security Misconfiguration

[25] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A05 Security Misconfiguration

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 3.4, Requirement 6.5.8, Requirement 8.4

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 3.4, Requirement 6.3.1.3, Requirement 6.5.8, Requirement 8.4

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 3.4, Requirement 6.5.3, Requirement 8.4

[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 3.4, Requirement 6.5.3, Requirement 8.2.1

[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 3.4, Requirement 6.5.3, Requirement 8.2.1

[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 3.4, Requirement 6.5.3, Requirement 8.2.1

[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 3.4, Requirement 6.5.3, Requirement 8.2.1

[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 3.5.1, Requirement 6.2.4, Requirement 8.3.1

[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 3.3.2, Requirement 3.3.3, Requirement 3.5.1, Requirement 6.2.4, Requirement 8.3.1

[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 6.1 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography

[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 6.1 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.3 - Terminal Software Design

[37] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 6.1 - Sensitive Data Protection, Control Objective 7.1 - Use of Cryptography, Control Objective B.2.3 - Terminal Software Design

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3340 CAT I

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-001740 CAT I, APSC-DV-002330 CAT II

[60] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Application Misconfiguration (WASC-15)

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