界: Environment
本節包括原始程式碼之外的所有內容，但對於建立中產品的安全性仍至關重要。由於此領域所涵蓋的問題與原始程式碼沒有直接關係，因此我們將其與其他領域分開。
CakePHP Misconfiguration: Excessive Session Timeout
Abstract
階段作業逾時時間過長會讓攻擊者獲得較多的時間，就可能危及使用者帳戶。
Explanation
開啟階段作業時間愈久，攻擊者威脅使用者帳戶的機率就愈大。階段作業仍為作用中時，攻擊者可能會暴力破解使用者密碼、破解使用者的無線加密金鑰，或是從開啟的瀏覽器控制階段作業。如果足夠大量的階段作業正在執行，較長的階段作業逾時時間也會導致無法釋放記憶體，最後造成阻斷服務。
範例 1：以下範例顯示使用
與
'high' = x 10
'medium' = x 100
'low' = x 300
範例 1：以下範例顯示使用
low 階段作業安全性配置的 CakePHP。
Configure::write('Security.level', 'low');
與
Session.timeout 設定配合使用，Security.level 設定可定義階段作業的有效時間。實際階段作業逾時時間等於 Session.timeout 乘以下列其中一項倍數：'high' = x 10
'medium' = x 100
'low' = x 300
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 613
[2] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-000879, CCI-002361, CCI-004190
[3] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 IA
[4] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Access Violation
[5] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 AC-12 Session Termination (P2), MA-4 Nonlocal Maintenance (P2)
[6] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 AC-12 Session Termination, MA-4 Nonlocal Maintenance
[7] Standards Mapping - OWASP API 2023 API8 Security Misconfiguration
[8] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 2.8.1 Single or Multi Factor One Time Verifier Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 2.8.6 Single or Multi Factor One Time Verifier Requirements (L2 L3), 3.3.1 Session Logout and Timeout Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.3.2 Session Logout and Timeout Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 3.3.4 Session Logout and Timeout Requirements (L2 L3), 3.6.1 Re-authentication from a Federation or Assertion (L3), 3.6.2 Re-authentication from a Federation or Assertion (L3)
[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M9 Improper Session Handling
[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A3 Broken Authentication and Session Management
[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A7 Broken Authentication and Session Management
[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A3 Broken Authentication and Session Management
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A2 Broken Authentication and Session Management
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A2 Broken Authentication
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A07 Identification and Authentication Failures
[16] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.3, Requirement 8.5.15
[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.5.7, Requirement 8.5.15
[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.8, Requirement 8.5.15
[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.10, Requirement 8.1.8
[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.10, Requirement 8.1.8
[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.10, Requirement 8.1.8
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.10, Requirement 8.1.8
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4, Requirement 8.2.8
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4, Requirement 8.2.8
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.3 - Authentication and Access Control
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.3 - Authentication and Access Control
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective 5.3 - Authentication and Access Control, Control Objective C.2.1.2 - Web Software Access Controls, Control Objective C.2.3.2 - Web Software Access Controls
[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3415 CAT II
[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3415 CAT II
[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3415 CAT II
[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3415 CAT II
[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3415 CAT II
[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3415 CAT II
[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3415 CAT II
[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-000070 CAT II, APSC-DV-000080 CAT II, APSC-DV-001980 CAT II
[50] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Insufficient Session Expiration (WASC-47)
[51] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Insufficient Session Expiration
desc.semantic.php.cakephp_misconfiguration_excessive_session_timeout