界: Input Validation and Representation

輸入驗證和表示法問題是由中繼字元、替代編碼和數值表示法引起的。信任輸入會導致安全問題。問題包括：「Buffer Overflows」、「Cross-Site Scripting」攻擊、「SQL Injection」及其他許多問題。

Command Injection: GitHub Actions

YAML

Abstract

在 GitHub Actions 執行 script 中直接參照特定的 GitHub Action 運算式，造成系統容易遭受 Command Injection 攻擊。

Explanation

執行 script 中對 GitHub Action 運算式的直接參照是動態產生的。這讓可控制輸入的任何人都可以使用 Command Injection 來侵入系統。

範例 1：以下來自 GitHub Action 的程式碼直接參照了執行 script 中的一個運算式，造成系統接受 Command Injection。


    ...
    steps:
      - run: echo "${{  github.event.pull_request.title  }}"
    ...

執行該動作時，shell script 會動態執行，包括執行 github.event.pull_request.title 值表示的任何程式碼。如果 github.event.pull_request.title 包含惡意可執行程式碼，則該動作將會執行惡意程式碼，從而導致 Command Injection。

References

[1] Security Hardening for GitHub Actions - Good Practices for Mitigating Script Injection Attacks

[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 77, CWE ID 78

[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [11] CWE ID 078

[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [10] CWE ID 078

[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [5] CWE ID 078, [25] CWE ID 077

[6] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754

[7] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI

[8] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data

[9] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)

[10] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation

[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.2 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.3 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.8 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 10.3.2 Deployed Application Integrity Controls (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.2 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 12.3.5 File Execution Requirements (L1 L2 L3)

[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection

[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M2 Inadequate Supply Chain Security

[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws

[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection

[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection

[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection

[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection

[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6

[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2

[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation

[31] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078

[32] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078

[33] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 078

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002510 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[56] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 OS Commanding (WASC-31)

[57] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 OS Commanding

desc.structural.yaml.command_injection_github_actions