界: Input Validation and Representation

輸入驗證和表示法問題是由中繼字元、替代編碼和數值表示法引起的。信任輸入會導致安全問題。問題包括:「Buffer Overflows」、「Cross-Site Scripting」攻擊、「SQL Injection」及其他許多問題。

Cross-Site Scripting: SOP Bypass

Abstract
允許使用者輸入以控制確定可造成 XSS 弱點的相同來源策略 (SOP) 的設定。
Explanation
透過相同來源策略 (SOP) 略過而導致出現 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) 弱點會在以下情況下發生:

1.資料從一個不可信賴的來源進入 Web 應用程式。


2.資料會傳送到設定,來確定指令碼可執行的頁面來源 (例如,document.domain)。

在執行之後,其他網域的攻擊者便可以設定相同的 document.domain,並在頁面上執行指令碼,就像它們位於完全相同的網域中一樣。

範例 1:以下項目會使用 URL 參數 domain,並將其作為頁面相同來源策略 (SOP) 的網域進行傳送。


<SCRIPT>
var pos = document.URL.indexOf("domain=")+7;
document.domain = document.URL.substring(pos,document.URL.length);
</SCRIPT>


大部分的瀏覽器僅允許將有效的超級網域傳送至 document.domain,因此,如果頁面位於「http://www.example.com」,則 document.domain 可設定為「www.example.com」或「example.com」,而不能設定為「com」或「example.org」。
但是,如果攻擊者位於其可以控制的網站的另一個部分,則可能能夠在其無法控制的網站部分執行指令碼。
References
[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 79, CWE ID 80
[2] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [2] CWE ID 079
[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [1] CWE ID 079
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2021 [2] CWE ID 079
[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [2] CWE ID 079
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [2] CWE ID 079
[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [1] CWE ID 079
[8] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001310, CCI-002754
[9] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI
[10] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data
[11] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)
[12] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SI-10 Information Input Validation
[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.3.3 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3)
[14] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M7 Client Side Injection
[15] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation
[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A4 Cross Site Scripting
[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A1 Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A2 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A3 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A7 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection
[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.4
[23] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.1
[24] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.7
[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.7
[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.7
[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.7
[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.7
[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4
[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4
[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection
[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation
[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation
[34] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 079
[35] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 079
[36] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 Insecure Interaction - CWE ID 079
[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3580 CAT I
[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002490 CAT I, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I
[59] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Cross-Site Scripting (WASC-08)
[60] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 Cross-Site Scripting
desc.dataflow.javascript.cross_site_scripting_SOP_bypass