界: Input Validation and Representation

輸入驗證和表示法問題是由中繼字元、替代編碼和數值表示法引起的。信任輸入會導致安全問題。問題包括：「Buffer Overflows」、「Cross-Site Scripting」攻擊、「SQL Injection」及其他許多問題。

Link Injection: Missing Validation

Objective-C
Swift

Abstract

所識別的方法會在 webview 中載入一個頁面，但不會實作任何控制來確認和驗證使用者能夠點選的連結。

Explanation

除非該頁面的內容完全由您掌控，否則使用者將能夠點選惡意攻擊者可能用來啟動所不希望的動作的連結。

舉例來說，您的應用程式可能會顯示部落格貼文或推文，其中可能包含連結。您的使用者所造訪的貼文或推文的作者能夠在其頁面上使用任意連結。如果您的使用者造訪惡意網站後遭受欺騙，或者自動被迫按一下某個連結，則攻擊者能夠啟動某些可能有危險的動作，例如使用特殊 URL 架構來啟動 FaceTime 或電話通話、傳送資料或是在第三方應用程式中啟動動作等。請注意，即使您控制了登陸頁面，使用者最終仍可能會導覽到其他不可信賴的網站。

範例 1：以下程式碼片段使用 webview 來載入可能包含不可信賴連結的網站，但未指定能夠驗證此 webview 中啟動的要求的委派：


    ...
    NSURL *webUrl = [[NSURL alloc] initWithString:@"https://some.site.com/"];
    NSURLRequest *webRequest = [[NSURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:webUrl];
    [webView loadRequest: webRequest];

References

[1] Collin Mulliner iOS WebView auto dialer bug

[2] Apple UIWebViewDelegate

[3] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 501

[4] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001084, CCI-002754

[5] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI

[6] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data

[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-3 Security Function Isolation (P1), SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)

[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-3 Security Function Isolation, SI-10 Information Input Validation

[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M8 Security Decisions Via Untrusted Inputs

[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation

[11] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard 2.0 MASVS-CODE-4, MASVS-PLATFORM-1, MASVS-PLATFORM-2

[12] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A1 Unvalidated Input

[13] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A04 Insecure Design

[14] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[15] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1

[16] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation

[19] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I

[20] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I

[21] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I

[22] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I

[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I

[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I

[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I

[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002360 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[41] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Improper Input Handling (WASC-20)

desc.dataflow.objc.link_injection_missing_validation

Abstract

所識別的方法會在 webview 中載入一個頁面，但不會實作任何控制來確認和驗證使用者能夠點選的連結。

Explanation


    ...
    let webUrl = URL(string: "https://some.site.com/")!
    let urlRequest = URLRequest(url: webUrl)
    webView.load(webRequest)
    ...