界: Input Validation and Representation

輸入驗證和表示法問題是由中繼字元、替代編碼和數值表示法引起的。信任輸入會導致安全問題。問題包括：「Buffer Overflows」、「Cross-Site Scripting」攻擊、「SQL Injection」及其他許多問題。

OGNL Expression Injection: Dynamic Method Invocation

Java/JSP

Abstract

Struts 2 應用程式會啟用「動態方法叫用」，在部分 Struts 2 版本中，已知動態方法叫用容易受到 OGNL injection 攻擊。

Explanation

Struts 2 引入了稱為「動態方法叫用」的功能，動作可藉此洩漏除 execute() 之外的方法。! (驚嘆號) 字元或 method: 字首可用於動作 URL 中，在啟用「動態方法叫用」時叫用動作中的任何公用方法。在 Struts 2 版本 2.3.20 中，叫用先前基於反映之替代方法的機制，已改為使用 OGNL 來代替，這讓攻擊者得以提供惡意 OGNL 運算式來取代替代的方法名稱。

References

[1] Struts 2 Security Vulnerability - Dynamic Method Invocation

[2] Struts 2 - Dynamic Method Invocation Apache Struts

[3] Struts 2 - Security Bulletin S2-032 Apache Struts

[4] Struts 2 - Security Bulletin S2-033 Apache Struts

[5] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 94, CWE ID 95

[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2019 [18] CWE ID 094

[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2020 [17] CWE ID 094

[8] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2022 [25] CWE ID 094

[9] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2023 [23] CWE ID 094

[10] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration Top 25 2024 [11] CWE ID 094

[11] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001764, CCI-001774, CCI-002754

[12] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 SI

[13] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data

[14] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 CM-7 Least Functionality (P1), SI-2 Flaw Remediation (P1), SI-10 Information Input Validation (P1)

[15] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 CM-7 Least Functionality, SI-2 Flaw Remediation, SI-10 Information Input Validation

[16] Standards Mapping - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard 4.0 5.2.4 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.5 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.2.8 Sanitization and Sandboxing Requirements (L1 L2 L3), 5.3.6 Output Encoding and Injection Prevention Requirements (L1 L2 L3)

[17] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2014 M1 Weak Server Side Controls

[18] Standards Mapping - OWASP Mobile 2024 M4 Insufficient Input/Output Validation

[19] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A6 Injection Flaws

[20] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A2 Injection Flaws

[21] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 A1 Injection

[22] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2013 A1 Injection

[23] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2017 A1 Injection

[24] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2021 A03 Injection

[25] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.6

[26] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.1, Requirement 6.5.2

[27] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[28] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.1

[29] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[30] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.1

[31] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.1

[32] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[33] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4

[34] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection

[35] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[36] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 4.2 - Critical Asset Protection, Control Objective B.3.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective B.3.1.1 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation, Control Objective C.3.2 - Web Software Attack Mitigation

[37] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 Risky Resource Management - CWE ID 094

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3510 CAT I, APP3570 CAT I

[45] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[46] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[47] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[48] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[49] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[50] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[51] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[52] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[53] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[54] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[55] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[56] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[57] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[58] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[59] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-001480 CAT II, APSC-DV-001490 CAT II, APSC-DV-002530 CAT II, APSC-DV-002560 CAT I

[60] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium Version 2.00 Improper Input Handling (WASC-20)

desc.config.java.ognl_expression_injection_dynamic_method_invocation