界: API Abuse

API 就像是呼叫者與被呼叫者之間簽訂的規定。最常見的 API 濫用形式是由呼叫者這一當事方未能遵守此規定所造成的。例如，如果程式在呼叫 chroot() 後無法呼叫 chdir()，即違反規範如何以安全方式變更使用中根目錄的規定。程式庫濫用的另一個好例子是期待被呼叫者向呼叫者傳回值得信賴的 DNS 資訊。在這種情況下，呼叫者是透過對其行為做出某些假設 (傳回值可用於驗證目的) 來濫用被呼叫者 API。另一方也可能違反呼叫者與被呼叫者間的規定。例如，如果編碼器衍生出子類別 SecureRandom 並傳回一個非隨機值，則違反了規定。

Often Misused: Exception Handling

C/C++

Abstract

_alloca() 函數會拋出堆疊溢位例外，可能導致程式當機。

Explanation

_alloca() 函數會分配堆疊上的記憶體。如果要求分配空間對於可用堆疊來說太大了，_alloca() 將會拋出一個異常。如果沒有捉到異常，程式就會當機，有可能會引起 Denial of Service 攻擊。

在 Microsoft Visual Studio 2005(R) 中，已聲明停用 _alloca()，並使用較安全的 _alloca_s() 取代。

References

[1] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration CWE ID 248

[2] Standards Mapping - DISA Control Correlation Identifier Version 2 CCI-001094

[3] Standards Mapping - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Indirect Access to Sensitive Data

[4] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2012 Rule 1.3

[5] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C Guidelines 2023 Rule 1.3

[6] Standards Mapping - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ Guidelines 2023 Rule 4.1.3

[7] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 4 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection (P1)

[8] Standards Mapping - NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 SC-5 Denial of Service Protection

[9] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 A7 Improper Error Handling

[10] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 A6 Information Leakage and Improper Error Handling

[11] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 Requirement 6.5.7

[12] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 Requirement 6.3.1.2, Requirement 6.5.6

[13] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 Requirement 6.5.5

[14] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.0 Requirement 6.5.5

[15] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.1 Requirement 6.5.5

[16] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2 Requirement 6.5.5

[17] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 3.2.1 Requirement 6.5.5

[18] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0 Requirement 6.2.4

[19] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 4.0.1 Requirement 6.2.4

[20] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.0 Control Objective 3.6 - Sensitive Data Retention

[21] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.1 Control Objective 3.6 - Sensitive Data Retention, Control Objective B.3.2 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[22] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Software Security Framework 1.2 Control Objective 3.6 - Sensitive Data Retention, Control Objective B.3.2 - Terminal Software Attack Mitigation

[23] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.1 APP3120 CAT II

[24] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 APP3120 CAT II

[25] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.5 APP3120 CAT II

[26] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.6 APP3120 CAT II

[27] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.7 APP3120 CAT II

[28] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.9 APP3120 CAT II

[29] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.10 APP3120 CAT II

[30] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[31] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[32] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.4 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[33] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.5 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[34] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.6 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[35] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.7 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[36] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.8 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[37] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.9 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[38] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.10 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[39] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.11 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[40] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 4.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[41] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[42] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.2 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[43] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 5.3 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

[44] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 6.1 APSC-DV-002400 CAT II

desc.semantic.cpp.often_misused_exception_handling._alloca